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. 2020 May 26;10:8684. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65679-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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An evolutionary hypothesis regarding the evolution of the calcium-selective TRPV channels in vertebrates. According to our model the last common ancestor of vertebrates had a repertoire of one calcium-selective TRPV gene (TRPV5/6), a condition that has been maintained in cyclostomes, bony fish and coelacanths. In the ancestors of chondrichthyes, amphibians, sauropsids and mammals the single gene copy underwent independent duplication events giving rise to a more diverse repertoire of calcium-selective TRPV channels. In the case of chondrichthyes, sauropsids and mammals the single gene copy present in the ancestor of each group underwent a single duplication event-giving rise to a repertoire of two calcium-selective TRPV genes. In the case of amphibians, multiple duplication events in the ancestor of the group gave rise to a repertoire of four calcium-selective TRPV genes, for more details see Fig. 1. Divergence times were obtained from www.timetree.org. Vertebrate silhouette images were obtained from PhyloPic (http://phylopic.org/).