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. 2020 May 26;11:2615. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16387-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Cryo-EM density of Sub-state 3 A, centered on the F_o region. Density corresponding to lipids (colored in wheat) “bridge” the interaction between subunits a (orange) and c (gray). a When viewed from within the membrane, density can be seen for lipids around the F_o motor. Three lipid-like densities on the periplasmic side (labeled with black arrows) are the strongest of these densities, suggesting that they are well ordered. b When viewed from the periplasmic side (view rotation axis shown), the interaction between residues Ile225–Gln234 of the stator subunit a and c ring is facilitated by three lipid densities (highlighted with blue background), increasing the interaction to four rather than three c subunits (numbered one white circles).