Table 5.

Mixed linear models with estimates of the annual difference in birth weight (g) among singleton neonates born alive to mothers living in Brazilian capitals with low versus high (reference) educational attainment, adjusted for covariates, in 1996–2003 and 2004–2013.

Model	Low vs High educational attainment
	1996–2003			2004–2013
	Difference in birth weight (g)	95%CI	P	Difference in birth weight (g)	95%CI	P
a	11.42	(9.04; 13.81)	<0.001	1.47	(0.43; 2.52)	0.005
b	10.37	(7.79; 2.95)	<0.001	2.25	(1.10; 3.41)	<0.001
c	10.76	(7.37; 4.14)	<0.001	1.63	(0.19; 3.08)	0.02
d	14.63	(11.67; 17.59)	<0.001	3.60	(2.12; 5.09)	<0.001
e	10.63	(8.43; 12.84)	<0.001	1.03	(0.04; 2.01)	0.04
f	10.80	(6.32; 15.28)	<0.001	1.03	(−0.77; 2.84)	0.26

^aAdjusted for geographic region (place of birth): North (reference), Northeast, Central West, Southeast, and South.

^bAdjusted for maternal age: 18–34 years (reference).

^cAdjusted for number of previous live births: multiparous (reference). ^dAdjusted for number of antenatal visits: ≥ 7 (reference).

^eAdjusted for length of gestation: ≥37 weeks (reference).

^fAdjusted for type of delivery: cesarean section (reference).