Stoffel et al. (2) |
40 American women (different ethnicities) with GDM and a 1st-degree relative with diabetes |
5% |
Zouali et al. (8) |
17 French women with GDM and familiarity for type 2 diabetes |
6% |
Saker et al. (3) |
50 English women with GDM and persistent hyperglycemia |
6% |
Ellard et al. (12) |
15 English Caucasian women with GDM and specific criteria (persistent fasting hyperglycemia >99 mg/dl, 2-h glycemic increase in OGTT <83 mg/dl, insulin therapy in pregnancy but not after pregnancy and fasting hyperglycemia or diabetes in at least one 1st-degree relative) |
80% |
Kousta et al. (5) |
17 women (different ethnicities) with specific criteria (persistent fasting hyperglycemia >99 mg/dl, 2-h glycemic increase in postpartum OGTT <63 mg/dl) |
12% |
Weng et al. (4) |
66 Swedish women with con GDM and familiarity for diabetes |
2% (3% other types of monogenic diabetes) |
Zurawek et al. (6) |
119 Polish women with GDM and specific criteria (age <35 years, pregestational BMI <25 kg/m2, 2-h glycemic increase in OGTT <83 mg/dl, insulin therapy in pregnancy but not after pregnancy and fasting hyperglycemia or diabetes in at least one 1st-degree relative) |
9% |
Chakera et al. (7) |
356 pregnant Anglo-Celtic women who performed OGTT |
1% |
Sewell et al. (9) |
72 women with GDM |
0% |
Rudland et al. (10) |
31 Australian women (different ethnicities) selected by Chakera pregnancy-specific criteria (7) |
12.9% |
Gjesing et al. (11) |
354 Danish women with GDM treated with diet |
1.9% |