Fig. 2.

Polydatin promoted the proliferation and osteogenesis of hBMSCs. a PD with various concentrations notably stimulated hBMSCs to proliferate at 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 days, particularly the 30 μM, according to the MTT assay results (n = 6). b, c hBMSCs were cultured in OIM with different concentrations PD (0, 10, 30, and 100 μM) for 21 days. The 30 μM PD significantly promoted the mineralization of hBMSCs (n = 3). d Following 3 days of PD treatments with various concentrations, OCN, RUNX2, β-catenin, and TAZ mRNA levels were measured by qPCR. *p < 0.05 versus the 0 μM group at the same time point, ^#p < 0.05 versus the 10 μM group, and ^&p < 0.05 versus the 30 μM group. OIM, osteogenic-induced medium. Results are shown as mean ± SD