miR-638 inhibitor reverses the effects of NEAT1 downregulation on the apoptosis and proliferation of ox-LDL-induced HAECs. (A) HAECs were treated with the control, miR-638 inhibitor, si-NEAT1, and si-NEAT1+miR-638 inhibitor and induced by ox-LDL (50 µg/ml) for 1 day, and the expression level of miR-638 was assessed. (B) Cell proliferation potential. (C) Colony formation ability. (D) Ki-67 and PCNA expression levels. (E) Bax and Bcl-2 expression levels. (F) Caspase-3 activity. (G) Cells subjected to apoptosis. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n=3) of three independent experiments. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001. NEAT1, nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1; HAECs, human aortic endothelial cells; ox-LDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen.