Table 1:
Characteristics of Patients Reporting Current Smoking who Completed VACS Survey between 2012 and 2017, Overall and by HIV Status
| Study Population (n=1722) |
HIV+ (n=814) |
HIV− (n=908) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 56.2 (8.3) | 56.4 (8.1) | 56.1 (8.5) | NS |
| Male, n (%) | 1646 (96) | 786 (97) | 860 (95) | NS |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | 0.01 | |||
| Black | 1280 (74) | 623 (77) | 657 (72) | |
| Hispanic | 93 (5) | 49 (6) | 44 (5) | |
| Other | 89 (5) | 42 (5) | 47 (5) | |
| White | 257 (15) | 98 (12) | 159 (18) | |
| Education, n (%) | NS | |||
| < High school | 104 (6) | 49 (6) | 55 (6) | |
| High school grad, GED | 647 (38) | 290 (36) | 357 (39) | |
| Some college or technical school | 779 (45) | 374 (46) | 405 (45) | |
| College grad, higher education | 184 (11) | 97 (12) | 87 (10) | |
| Married or living with partner, n (%) | 374 (22) | 169 (21) | 205 (23) | NS |
| Annual income, n (%) | 0.01 | |||
| <$1200 | 741 (44) | 330 (42) | 411 (47) | |
| $1200–24999 | 485 (29) | 259 (33) | 226 (26) | |
| ≥ $25000 | 443 (27) | 200 (25) | 243 (28) | |
| SUBSTANCE USE / MENTAL HEALTH COMORBIDITY | ||||
| Audit-C score, median (IQR) | 2 (0–5) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–5) | 0.05 |
| Unhealthy alcohol use, n (%) | 595 (35) | 256 (31) | 339 (37) | 0.01 |
| Substance use in the last year, n (%) | ||||
| Marijuana | 557 (33) | 288 (36) | 269 (30) | 0.01 |
| Cocaine or crack | 447 (26) | 202 (25) | 245 (27) | NS |
| Amphetamines | 108 (6) | 51 (6) | 57 (6) | NS |
| Heroin | 128 (8) | 57 (7) | 71 (8) | NS |
| Prescription opioids | 331 (19) | 155 (19) | 176 (20) | NS |
| Depression severity (PHQ-9), median (IQR) | 4 (1–9) | 4 (1–9) | 5 (1–10) | 0.01 |
| Moderate to severe depression, n (%) | 407 (24) | 171 (21) | 236 (26) | 0.02 |
| Psychiatric disorders, n (%) | 781 (48) | 296 (38) | 485 (57) | <0.001 |
| SMOKING-RELATED COMORBIDITY | ||||
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 791 (48) | 346 (44) | 445 (52) | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary disease, n (%) | 185 (11) | 79 (10) | 106 (13) | NS |
| Non-AIDS malignancies, n (%) | 110 (7) | 64 (8) | 46 (5) | 0.03 |
| HIV SEVERITY | ||||
| HIV-infected, n (%) | 814 (47) | |||
| On antiretroviral therapy, n (%) | 762 (94) | |||
| HIV severity | ||||
| HIV RNA Viral load, median (IQR) | 40 (20–91) | |||
| CD4+ count, median (IQR) | 483 (308–691) | |||
| VACS Index 2.0, median (IQR) | 42 (33–55) | 51 (41.5–63) | 35 (29–44) | <0.001 |
| HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION | ||||
| Outpatient visits in last year, median (IQR) | 4 (2–6) | 4 (3–7) | 3 (2–5) | <0.001 |
| Inpatient visits in last year, median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | <0.001 |
| SMOKING-RELATED ATTITUDES / BEHAVIORS | ||||
| Contemplation to quit, n (%) | 1175 (71) | 554 (72) | 621 (71) | NS |
| Past quit attempts, median (IQR) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–5) | NS |
| Cigarettes smoked daily, median (IQR) | 9(5–12) | 8(5–12) | 10 (5–12) | NS |
| Smoke >1 pack daily, n (%) | 63 (4) | 27 (4) | 36 (4) | NS |
| Time to first cigarette, n (%) | NS | |||
| After 60 minutes | 493 (29) | 242 (30) | 251 (28) | |
| 31–60 minutes | 290 (17) | 134 (17) | 156 (18) | |
| 6–30 minutes | 486 (29) | 225 (28) | 261 (29) | |
| Within 5 minutes | 425 (25) | 206 (26) | 219 (25) | |