Table 3:
Relative Risk for Receipt of Any Smoking Cessation Medication Associated with Patient Characteristics Stratified by HIV Status among Patients Recruited to the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (N=1722)
| HIV+ ARR* (95% CI) |
HIV− ARR* (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|
| SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS | ||
| Age | 1.00 (0.98, 1.01) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) |
| Male | 1.46 (0.90, 2.37) | 0.86 (0.53, 1.37) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White | Reference | Reference |
| Black | 0.73 (0.48, 1.10) | 1.25 (1.00, 1.57) |
| Hispanic | 0.64 (0.36, 1.13) | 1.10 (0.72, 1.68) |
| Other | 0.97 (0.53, 1.75) | 1.75 (1.24, 2.47) |
| Education | ||
| < High school | Reference | Reference |
| High school grad, GED | 0.68 (0.32, 1.43) | 0.62 (0.35, 1.09) |
| Some college or technical school | 0.69 (0.36, 1.32) | 0.72 (0.48, 1.09) |
| College grad, higher education | 0.96 (0.40, 2.28) | 0.60 (0.23, 1.54) |
| Annual income | ||
| <$1200 | Reference | Reference |
| $1200–24999 | 0.92 (0.68, 1.23) | 0.84 (0.71, 0.98) |
| ≥ $25000 | 0.94 (0.68, 1.29) | 0.92 (0.77, 1.09) |
| MENTAL HEALTH / SUBSTANCE USE | ||
| Unhealthy alcohol use | 0.99 (0.82, 1.20) | 1.05 (0.85, 1.29) |
| Substance use in the last year | 0.97 (0.78, 1.19) | 0.86 (0.69, 1.07) |
| Moderate-severe depression | 0.90 (0.76, 1.06) | 1.33 (1.12, 1.59) |
| Psychiatric disorders | 1.34 (1.03, 1.73) | 1.83 (1.53, 2.20) |
| SMOKING-RELATED COMORBIDITY | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 1.04 (0.72, 1.50) | 0.98 (0.79, 1.21) |
| Pulmonary disease | 1.40 (1.03, 1.90) | 1.17 (0.96, 1.43) |
| Non-AIDS malignancies | 1.26 (0.92, 1.72) | 1.32 (0.88, 1.99) |
| HIV SEVERITY | ||
| VACS Index 2.0 | 0.99 (0.98, 1.01) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.00) |
| HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION | ||
| Outpatient visits in last year | ||
| 1 to 2 | Reference | Reference |
| 3 to 5 | 1.28 (0.75, 2.20) | 0.92 (0.77, 1.09) |
| ≥6 | 1.63 (0.95, 2.79) | 1.01 (0.87, 1.15) |
| Inpatient visits in last year | ||
| 0 | Reference | Reference |
| 1 | 1.02 (0.71, 1.45) | 1.19 (0.87, 1.63) |
| ≥2 | 1.12 (0.77, 1.64) | 0.91 (0.70, 1.18) |
| SMOKING-RELATED ATTITUDES/BEHAVIOR | ||
| Contemplation to quit | 1.85 (1.10, 3.10) | 1.31 (1.14, 1.50) |
| Past quit attempt | 1.31 (0.59, 2.88) | 2.27 (1.57, 3.28) |
| Cigarettes smoked daily | ||
| <10 | Reference | Reference |
| 10–20 | 1.26 (0.81, 1.96) | 1.19 (1.06, 1.33) |
| >20 | 1.51 (0.73, 3.14) | 0.96 (0.76, 1.22) |
*
Relative risk of receiving medications adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, unhealthy alcohol use, substance use in last year, moderate-severe depression, recent diagnoses for psychiatric disorders CVD, chronic pulmonary disease, and non-AIDS malignancies, VACS Index 2.0, number of outpatient and inpatient visits, contemplation to quit, past quit attempt, and number of cigarettes smoked daily.