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. 2020 Apr 8;57(1):171–182. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5042

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Copyright: © Yamakoshi et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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(Aa) Hematoxylin and eosin staining of TLSs area and (b) non-TLSs area within the same specimens; RNA was extracted from inside the black lines. (B) Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to determine the gene expression level of different genes in TLSs (n=12) vs. non-TLSs (n=12). The results are expressed as arbitrary units (with the expression in non-TLSs defined as 1 unit). The mRNA expression levels of CCL21, CXCL13, perforin, granzyme B, PDL1 was significantly higher in TLSs compared with that in non-TLSs, while the mRNA expression levels of IL12, IFNγ and PDL2 were not statistically significant. ^*P<0.05. ns, not significant; IL, interleukin, IFN, interferon; TLS, tertiary lymphoid structures.