Table 1.

Study characteristics of the included papers

Author/year	Country	Target population	Sample size and setting	Proposed intervention	Expected outcome(s)	Evaluation method
Villarreal 200927	Republic of Panama	Patients with diabetes	Setting: Not reported Sample size: Not reported	mHealth: Mobile app for providing self-control	Self-control, patient monitoring, improving communication between patients and doctor	Not reported
Koutkias 201026	Greece	Patients with chronic disease	Setting: Hypertension outpatient clinic Sample size: Not reported	eHealth: Body area network for providing home care services and increasing self-management	Home care service delivery, interoperability, extensibility, access to drug and patient information, access to care	Not reported
Beatty 201318	USA	Patients with ischaemic heart disease	Setting: Not reported Sample size: Not reported	mHealth: A mobile app for improving access, increasing participation and improving outcomes in patients	Cost-effective, access to care, behaviour change, patient-centred health, reduce rates of rehospitalisation, increase participations	Randomised controlled trial
Dhillon 201324	New Zealand	Senior health consumers	Setting: Not reported Sample size: 43 seniors aged 60–85	Telehealth: Web-based system with a Facebook-like plug-in architecture for increasing patient motivation	Open and extensible system, social and emotional support, Feedback and motivation, access to care, cost-effective	Usability and effectiveness of the framework were evaluated via 6-level Likert scale
Beentjes 201523	Netherland	Patients with severe mental illness	Setting: Inpatient/outpatient clinics Sample size: Not mentioned	eHealth: e-IMR programme for involving other important people, manage achieving personal recovery goals and reducing relapse	Access to care, cost-effective,	Cluster randomised controlled trial
Fico 201525	Spain	Patients with diabetes	Setting: Not reported Sample size: Not reported	eHealth: A model for providing self-management	Cost-effective, maximised usability, user experience, patient engagement, self-management	Not reported
Gee 201519	USA	Patients with chronic disease	Setting: Not reported Sample size: Not reported	eHealth: A model (using mobile devices) for providing self-management	Improving functional and clinical outcomes, patient-centred outcomes, access to care, access to data,	Not reported
Salisbury 201522	UK	Patients with chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease and depression)	Setting: Not reported Sample size: 34 patients completed the questionnaire	Telehealth: A model for providing patient engagement (including care coordination, patient self-management, optimisation of treatment)	Health outcomes, access to care, patient experience, cost-effective	Randomised controlled trials
Schnall 201620	USA	HIV prevention for high-risk men who have sex with men (MSM)	Setting: Not reported Sample size: 5 focus groups with 33 targeted end-users.	mHealth (Mobile App) Mobile App for providing self-management	Behaviour change and self-management, cost-effective, Improving technology acceptance, access to care, to enhance usability, easing the doctor’s duty, usefulness, timesaving	User interface and system function of prototype, end-user usability
Wilhide 201621	USA	Patients with chronic diseases (diabetes, epilepsy, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lupus, HER2 +breast cancer, and low back pain)	Setting: Not mentioned Sample size: Not reported	mHealth; Mobile App for providing self-management	Change healthcare service and self-management behaviour, access to care, cost-effective, user experience	Not reported
Greenhalgh 20179	UK	Individuals/patients who abandon health technologies	Setting: Cardiology departments of hospital Sample size: Not reported	Telehealth: A model for predicting and evaluating the success of technology-supported health and social care programmes	Cost-effective, access to care, client self-refer, patient safety, ease of use, case management,	Not reported