Table 2.
Creatinine-adjusted median and 95th percentiles (µg/g creatinine) of permethrin biomarkers (measured for U3–U12) by group
| 3-PBA | cis-DCCA | trans-DCCA | ∑DCCA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median 95th percentile | Median 95th percentile | Median 95th percentile | Median 95th percentile | |
| Heat group (n = 10) | ||||
| U3 | 7.5 | 6.4 | 8.7 | 15.1 |
| 28.6 | 15.1 | 38.6 | 53.6 | |
| U4 | 9.4 | 5.6 | 11.4 | 17.0 |
| 35.4 | 17.7 | 37.8 | 52.8 | |
| U5 | 11.3 | 5.7 | 12.7 | 18.5 |
| 36.3 | 18.7 | 40.2 | 58.9 | |
| U6 | 32.1 | 9.1 | 19.2 | 28.8 |
| 56.0 | 20.0 | 47.7 | 67.6 | |
| U7 | 53.6 | 14.2 | 43.9 | 58.3 |
| 89.7 | 29.6 | 67.3 | 83.3 | |
| U8 | 90.8 | 22.9 | 99.0 | 128.3 |
| 264.9 | 110.7 | 281.6 | 392.3 | |
| U9 | 94.4 | 33.4 | 105.9 | 141.4 |
| 166.9 | 65.1 | 159.2 | 224.3 | |
| U10 | 61.4 | 28.8 | 83.0 | 109.0 |
| 178.9 | 74.9 | 168.8 | 243.6 | |
| U11 | 90.4 | 34.4 | 119.1 | 153.1 |
| 172.0 | 72.1 | 193.9 | 266.1 | |
| U12 | 95.0 | 44.2 | 132.7 | 190.9 |
| 180.6 | 74.3 | 174.2 | 248.6 | |
| Heat/humidity group (n = 10) | ||||
| U3 | 15.0 | 8.4 | 15.7 | 24.2 |
| 32.6 | 20.5 | 36.6 | 53.7 | |
| U4 | 13.5 | 7.9 | 13.5 | 20.3 |
| 41.8 | 19.2 | 45.4 | 64.5 | |
| U5 | 14.0 | 8.8 | 12.3 | 20.6 |
| 38.6 | 15.4 | 39.0 | 54.4 | |
| U6 | 18.1 | 8.8 | 15.6 | 25.5 |
| 84.6 | 42.6 | 91.3 | 133.9 | |
| U7 | 38.8 | 14.6 | 30.9 | 48.1 |
| 62.6 | 35.4 | 63.1 | 95.7 | |
| U8 | 71.1 | 19.9 | 51.8 | 73.5 |
| 118.1 | 51.9 | 132.1 | 167.5 | |
| U9 | 82.7 | 27.5 | 82.1 | 109.6 |
| 146.9 | 54.8 | 173.1 | 206.6 | |
| U10 | 93.7 | 44.5 | 108.6 | 153.1 |
| 166.5 | 89.4 | 204.6 | 292.5 | |
| U11 | 86.0 | 47.3 | 131.9 | 185.5 |
| 139.7 | 81.7 | 185.7 | 243.2 | |
| U12 | 91.9 | 43.1 | 107.6 | 150.7 |
| 151.1 | 94.2 | 176.7 | 270.3 | |
| Ambient group (n = 7) | ||||
| U3 | 10.8 | 5.2 | 12.4 | 15.5 |
| 31.6 | 12.4 | 33.0 | 45.5 | |
| U4 | 10.5 | 5.9 | 11.3 | 17.6 |
| 20.4 | 10.6 | 18.6 | 28.1 | |
| U5 | 11.8 | 5.6 | 11.3 | 16.9 |
| 20.7 | 10.3 | 19.4 | 29.7 | |
| U6 | 11.4 | 7.1 | 13.1 | 18.7 |
| 24.1 | 14.5 | 20.9 | 30.0 | |
| U7 | 15.3 | 8.0 | 16.8 | 25.1 |
| 18.3 | 12.2 | 23.7 | 33.8 | |
| U8 | 23.4 | 11.2 | 25.8 | 34.5 |
| 36.8 | 15.0 | 43.1 | 58.1 | |
| U9 | 28.6 | 13.7 | 27.4 | 41.1 |
| 52.1 | 18.3 | 47.6 | 65.9 | |
| U10 | 28.0 | 13.7 | 31.8 | 43.3 |
| 53.7 | 27.5 | 63.3 | 90.8 | |
| U11 | 33.9 | 21.0 | 46.8 | 69.8 |
| 75.6 | 29.6 | 96.8 | 126.4 | |
| U12 | 38.1 | 23.1 | 56.6 | 77.0 |
| 54.3 | 30.6 | 64.8 | 94.9 | |
U3–U12 = urine samples collected at time points U3 through U12 (from 12 hours before, during, and 12 hours after wearing of treated uniforms).