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. 2020 Mar 19;175(2):182–196. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa040

Figure 6.

Figure 6.

Maternal cypermethrin and stress altered placental oxidative stress and gene expression. A, Cypermethrin increased lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde in placental tissue. B, Neither treatment significantly affected placental reduced thiol content. C, Placental endothelin-1 expression increased in response to both cypermethrin and stress. (D) Cypermethrin treatment increased placental gene expression of several angiogenic genes responsive to oxidative stress, including Hif-1alpha, (E) heme oxygenase 1, and (F) Vegfr2. Means ± SEMs are shown. n = 4–7 litters per treatment group (*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001 by post hoc tests) (#p < .05, ##p < .01, ###p < .001 main effect by 2-way ANOVA). Abbreviations: NS, nonstressed; PS, prenatal stress.