Table 2. Rates of neurovascular protrusion a /dehiscence secondary to anatomic variation .
| Paper (study, year) | Sample type/size | Protrusion ON (%) |
Dehiscence ON (%) |
Protrusion ICA (%) |
Dehiscence ICA (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renn 1975 6 | Cadaver, 50 | – | 4 | – | 4 |
| Fujii et al, 1979 7 | Cadaver, 25 | – | 4 | – | 8 |
| Cho et al, 2010 24 | Cadaver, 59 | 56 | 4 | 34 | 2 |
| Meloni et al, 1992 30 | CT, 100 | – | 8 | – | 5 |
| Dessi et al, 1994 31 | CT, 150 | 8 | – | – | – |
| DeLano et al, 1996 32 | CT, 150 | – | 24 | – | – |
| Sirikci et al, 2000 33 | CT, 92 | 32 | 23 | 26 | 23 |
| Sapçi et al, 2004 34 | CT, 100 | – | 14 | – | – |
| Kazkayasi et al, 2005 35 | CT, 267 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 |
| Unal et al, 2006 36 | CT, 56 | 31 | 8 | 30 | 5 |
| Hewaidi and Omami, 2008 37 | CT, 300 | 35 | 30 | 41 | 30 |
| Davoodi et al, 2009 38 | CT, 399 | 26 | 37 | 42 | 42 |
| Güldner et al, 2012 4 | CBCT, 644 | 14 | 17 | 11 | 3 |
| Rahmati et al, 2016 29 | CBCT, 103 | 33 | – | 39 | – |
| Batra et al, 2004 39 | HRCT, 64 | – | – | 16 | 13 |
| Tomovic et al, 2013 26 | HRCT, 170 | 26 | 2 | 28 | 3 |
| Anusha et al, 2014 18 | HRCT, 300 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 10 |
| Itagi et al, 2017 40 | HRCT, 100 | 25 | 18 | – | |
| Dal Secchi et al, 2018 41 | HRCT, 90 | – | – | 54 | 4 |
| Current Study | HRCT, 81 | 17 | 6 | 30 | 5 |
Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; HRCT, high-resolution CT; ICA, internal carotid artery; ON, optic nerve.
a
Some of the above papers were re-calculated using 50% exposure or analogous definition of protrusion.