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. 2020 Apr 20;39(22):4375–4389. doi: 10.1038/s41388-020-1293-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a High expression of CTGF indicated poor survival in the TCGA cohort (overall cases, P < 0.001, n = 321). b In the HK cohort, the abundant CTGF also predicted poor survival (middle) (disease-specific, P < 0.001, n = 268). The cut-off value was identified according to ROC (right). c Unsupervised clustering of the patients in the TCGA cohort regarding both AMOTL1 and CTGF expression (upper) was presented in a two-dimensional coordinate (middle). The survival curve after grouping was shown (lower) (overall cases, P = 0.023, n = 321, TCGA cohort). d YAP1 nuclear aggregation (left) indicates worse outcomes for the patients (middle) (disease-specific survival, P = 0.002, n = 268). The grouping was based on the ROC (right). e In the TCGA dataset, AMOTL1 expression is positively correlated with YAP1 (left) (r = 0.381, P < 0.001, n = 415) and CTGF (right) (r = 0.490, P < 0.001, n = 415). f In the HK cohort, a pairwise positive association was detected within AMOTL1, nuclear YAP1, and CTGF. g Based on the intensity of IHC signals, co-expression of AMOTL1, YAP1 (nuclear), and CTGF was stratified into two groups: Normal/Weak group and Positive group, referring to “activated Hippo” and “deactivated Hippo”, respectively. Identical cases were demonstrated in the left panel, and clustering analysis was shown in the right panel. Further, deactivated Hippo group is related to worse prognosis of GC patients (middle panel) (disease-specific survival, P < 0.001, n = 268).