FIGURE 4.

Network constructed with 51 Y-chromosome segregating sites. Brown characters on the lines indicate mutations on single ECAY genes/fragments copies. Black characters near to the pie charts represent the different breeds’ clusters. Crown-group was firstly defined by Wallner et al. (2017) and most of the horse breeds from Europe in our study are included in this group. Sizes of the pie charts are proportional to number of individuals clustered in them. Green and pink pies in Ancient-group refer to horse breeds from South and North China, respectively. Red dots are median vectors.