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. 2020 May 21;11:1028. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01028

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Copyright © 2020 Tuchscherr, Löffler and Proctor.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Regulators of agr in S. aureus SCVs. Low levels of RNAIII, the effector molecule of the Agr quorum-sensing locus, are found in many SCVs. This figure shows the multiple levels of regulation wherein the levels of the positive regulators of agr are reduced and those of the negative regulators are increased. Green represents regulators activated in SCVs, and gray indicates no activation in SCVs. SarA and SarU are positive regulators of Agr and exhibit upregulated expression in some SCVs, such as menadione and hemin mutants. However, thymidine-auxotrophic SCVs show decreased SarA levels. Overall, regulation results in a decrease in Agr activation. Abbreviations; sigB: alternative sigma factor B; sarA = staphylococcal accessory regulator; ArlRS = autolysis-related locus two component regulator; CodY = GTP-sensing transcriptional pleiotropic repressor; SrrAB = staphylococcal respiratory regulator TCR; VraR = vancomycin resistance-associated regulator of TCR; RsaE = small non-coding RNA E; MgrA = multiple gene regulator A; CyoE = protoheme IX farnesyltransferase; agr = accessory gene regulator; hla = α-hemolysin gene; and psm = phenol soluble modulin gene.