Table 2.
Discordance in Extended Administrative Infection Prevention and Control Measure Recommended in International and National COVID-2019 Guidelines
| Issuing Organization or Country | CDC | WHO | ECDC | DHA | BDPCC | PHE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Administrative controls | ||||||
| COVID-19 preparedness and response committee | ✓ | ✓c | ✓ | |||
| Plan for surge capacity | ✓ | ✓c | ✓ | |||
| IPC focal point/group | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Spatial separation between patients | ✓a | ✓b | ✓c | |||
| Separate area for respiratory/suspected COVID-19 patients | ✓ | ✓c | ||||
| Install physical barriers at hospital reception | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Rapid triage | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Triage outside facility | ✓ | |||||
| Cough etiquette | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Separate toilet for patient | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Assess/ensure onsite availability of PPE | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Provide hand and respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette supplies | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Place known or suspected patient in AIIR/negative pressure room | ✓ | ✓d | ✓d | ✓d | ||
| Cohorting confirmed patients in a ward with dedicated staff | ✓e | ✓e | ✓e | ✓ | ✓e | ✓e |
| Decontaminate equipment if needed to share/reuse | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Visitor keep a distance of at least 1 m from a patient | ✓ | |||||
| HCPs wash hands after doffing | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Incinerating/sterilize clothing/bedding/utensils | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Monitor and manage ill and exposed HCPs | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| HCP training on use of PPE | ✓ | ✓f | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Establish surveillance | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Monitoring IPC compliance | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Patient education | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Family caregiver/visitor education | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Risk communication | ✓ | |||||
| Cleaning and disinfecting medical equipment | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Maintain a register for visitor and follow-up for 14 days | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Post signs in public areas reminding symptomatic patients to remain 2 m away from HCPs | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Disposal of PPE | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Note. CDC, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO, World Health Organization; ECDC, European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; DHA, Department of Health, Australia; BDPCC, Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control, China; PHE, Public Health England; ICP, infection control and prevention; AIIR, airborne infection isolation room; HCPs, healthcare providers; PPE, personal protection equipment; ICU, intensive care unit.
1-meter distance between patients.
2-meter (6 ft) distance between patients.
Included in state-level policies.
Depends on availability.
If single room is not available, patients are recommended to share a large room.
Training for ICU staff.