Table 3.

Gut morphometric measures of broilers supplemented with different levels of PBLM and POLM on day 21.

	Villus height; (μm)			Crypt depth; (μm)			VH: CD
Treatments	Duodenum	Jejunum	Ileum	Duodenum	Jejunum	Ileum	Duodenum	Jejunum	Ileum
T1	988.34c	686.07c	447.88	136.75	106.57 a	94.34 a	7.25b	6.47b	4.76b
T2	1044.07b	720.61b	459.85	139.06	106.89 a	90.88 a	7.52 a	6.76 a	5.09 a
T3	1097.63 a	759.73 a	464.79	128.25	99.92b	85.29b	8.6 a	7.72 a	5.47 a
T4	1001.91c	680.25c	448.66	136.76	112.36 a	91.18 a	7.34 ab	6.14b	4.95 ab
T5	1008.23c	695.84c	458.66	134.46	110.3 a	89.67 a	7.43 a	6.31b	5.14 a
T6	1018.04 bc	726.99b	454.63	136.14	104.77 a	90.95 a	7.45 a	6.96 a	5.02 a
T7	1084.45 a	756.15 a	464.83	128.18	105.28 a	86.45b	8.36 a	7.25 a	5.41 a
SEM	9.06	4.55	3.36	2.03	1.56	2.06	0.15	0.13	0.16
Main effects!
Supplement concertation
2 g / kg	1026.15b	708.2245b	459.26	137.11	108.55	90.33	7.61	6.66b	5.29
4 g / kg	1057.89 a	743.36 a	459.71	132.24	102.45	88.27	8.20	7.37 a	5.51
8 g / kg	1043.18 ab	718.204b	456.75	133.17	109.32	88.92	8.01	6.69 ab	5.37
Supplements
P. betle	1047.87	720.20	457.76	134.92	106.46	89.28	7.93	6.92	5.36
P. odorata	1036.94	726.33	459.38	133.43	107.08	89.06	7.95	6.90	5.42
Source of variation
Supplement dose	0.015	<0.0001	0.937	0.658	0.211	0.931	0.369	0.070	0.887
Supplements	0.209	0.323	0.824	0.746	0.856	0.960	0.973	0.950	0.865
Supplement × Supplement dose	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.326	0.361	0.325	0.647	0.040	0.019	0.677

^abc The means with different superscripts within the same columns are significantly different (P < 0.05).

T1: (Basal diet (BD); control); T2:(BD + PBLM 2 g/kg); T3:(BD + PBLM 4 g/kg); T4:(BD + PBLM 8 g/kg); T5: (BD + POLM 2 g/kg); T6: (BD + POLM 4 g/kg); T7: (BD + POLM 8 g/kg).

^!Data were analysed as a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, excluding control group.