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. 2020 May 6;13(9):2145. doi: 10.3390/ma13092145

Table 3.

The flame retardancy performance of epoxy containing carbon-based materials.

EPs and Incorporated Carbon-Based Materials wt.% LOI (%) UL-94 pk-HRR (kW/m2) THR (MJ/m2) Ref.
EP 2 1653 129.9 [114]
EP/GNS 2 1156 107.8 [114]
EP/Ce-MnO2 2 920 96.7 [114]
EP/Ce-MnO2-GNS 2 765 83.8 [114]
EP 2 1348 87.1 [115]
EP/MoS2 2 1076 75.7 [115]
EP/GNS 2 965 70.1 [115]
EP/MoS2/GNS 2 730 65.1 [115]
EP 2 1730 113.1 [116]
EP/GNS 2 980 65.1 [116]
EP/Ni-Fe LDH 2 1070 58.9 [116]
EP/Ni-Fe LDH/GNS 2 678 44.2 [116]
CF-EP 0 568 23.2 [120]
CF-EP/SWCNT-buckypaper 1 526 24.5 [120]
CF-EP/MWCNT-buckypaper 1.3 258 13.2 [120]
CF-EP/CNF paper 1.5 508 24.8 [120]
EP/VETS-CNT 0 22 V-1 [121]
1 23 V-1 [121]
3 25 V-0 [121]
5 26 V-0 [121]
7 27 V-0 [121]
9 29 V-0 [121]
EP 0 21.5 NR 900 [122]
EP/Melamine 8 22.4 NR 750 [122]
EP/Mo-PR/Melamine 2/0 24 NR 543 [122]
1/8 28 V-2 [122]
2/8 29.5 V-0 579 [122]
EP/CNT-PR/Melamine 1/8 27.7 V-2 527 [122]
3/8 28.6 V-2 535 [122]
5/8 29.5 V-0 468 [122]
EP/CF/CNT 0/0 971.7 98.8 [123]
0.5/0 792.7 92.5 [123]
0.7/0 722.6 88.2 [123]
1/0 840.2 88.9 [123]
1.5/0 793.3 101.7 [123]
0.5/0.5 648.1 75 [123]
0.7/0.7 635 80.3 [123]
1/0.5 701.7 99.3 [123]
EP/PPMS-CNT 0 19.3 HB 1334.6 100.1 [124]
5 21.5 HB 1013.4 93.7 [124]
10 22.6 V-2 680.7 90.7 [124]
15 24.5 V-2 444.6 77.6 [124]
epoxy- aliphatic amine system/EG 0 18.7 [130]
1 21.3 [130]
2 25 [130]
3 28 [130]
4 30 [130]
Jatropha curcas oil-based alkyd-EP/EG 0 18 [131]
0.5 21 [131]
1.5 24 [131]
2.5 29 [131]
4 35 [131]
5 41 [131]

“NR” means no rating, “–” means no test data.