Table. Baseline Demographicsa.
| Clinical and echocardiographic variables | Median (IQR) | |
|---|---|---|
| Complex ventricular arrhythmia (n = 12) | Minor ventricular arrhythmia (n = 8) | |
| Age, y | 59.5 (54.7-62.25) | 58.5 (45.7-64.2) |
| Female, No. (%) | 6 (50) | 3 (37.5) |
| Bileaflet MV prolapse, No. (%) | 5 (41.6) | 4 (50) |
| LVEF, % | 59 (55-63) | 62.5 (60-66.2) |
| LVESD | 35.5 (33.2-39.2) | 40.5 (36-54.2) |
| LVEDD | 53.5 (51-57) | 59.5 (53-64.7) |
| Severe (4+) MR, No. (%) | 6 (50) | 3 (37.5) |
| Moderate-severe (3+) MR, No. (%) | 6 (50) | 5 (62.5) |
| Mitral annular disjunction, No. (%) | 9 (75) | 4 (50) |
| Pickelhaube sign, No. (%) | 3 (25) | 1 (12.5) |
| Electrocardiographic and arrhythmic variables | ||
| Inverted/biphasic T waves in inferior leads, No. (%) | 5 (41.6) | 2 (25) |
| Corrected QT interval, ms | 413.5 (400.2-432) | 431 (418.5-440.5) |
| History of atrial fibrillation, No. (%) | 4 (33.3) | 1 (12.5) |
| Syncope, No. (%) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (12.5) |
| PVC burden, % | 4.8 (0.5-17.7) | 0.5 (0.1-1) |
| Pleomorphic PVCs, No. (%) | 10 (83.3) | 0 |
| Ventricular couplets, No. (%) | 8 (66.6) | 0 |
| Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, No. (%) | 11 (91.6) | 0 |
| Classification of ventricular arrhythmias (Lown), No. (%) | ||
| Grade | ||
| 1 | 0 | 7 (87.5) |
| 2 | 0 | 1 (12.5) |
| 3 | 0 | 0 |
| 4A | 2 (16.6) | 0 |
| 4B | 10 (83.3) | 0 |
| Complex ventricular arrhythmias | 12 (100) | 0 |
| Indications for mitral valve surgery, No (%) | ||
| Class I | 9 (75) | 5 (62.5) |
| Class IIa | 3 (25) | 3 (37.5) |
| Surgical intervention, No (%) | 8 | 6 |
| MV repair only | 1 (8.33) | 0 |
| MV repair + TV repair | 4 (33.3) | 4 (50) |
| MV repair + TV repair + Cryomaze + LAA exclusion | 3 (25) | 2 (25) |
Abbreviations: LAA, left atrial appendage; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD, left ventricularend-systolic diameter; MV, mitral valve; PVC, premature ventricular contraction; TV, tricuspid valve.
a
Lown and Wolf classification of ventricular arrhythmias: isolated unifocal PVCs (grade 0,1, or 2), pleomorphic PVCs (grade 3), couplets (grade 4A), and triplets/nonsustained TV (grade 4B). Continuous variables are presented as median and interquartile range (25th to 75th percentile: quartile 1 and quartile 3).