Table 3.
Multivariate logistic regression models to examine the effect of cytomegalovirus diseases on the development of moderate-to-severe dementia according to sex and age distribution
| Type of dementia | Subgroups | CMV diseases | Number of participants | Events | IRa | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||||||
| All | Sex | M | No | 1950 | 42 | 5.20 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 0.648 |
| Yes | 390 | 17 | 11.45 | 2.19 (1.25–3.85) | 2.26 (1.27–3.99) | 2.02 (1.09–3.59) | ||||
| F | No | 1485 | 63 | 10.50 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 297 | 21 | 19.46 | 1.86 (1.13–3.04) | 1.91 (1.09–3.12) | 1.93 (1.14–3.23) | ||||
| Age | 40–59 | No | 2030 | 3 | 0.35 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 0.025 | |
| Yes | 406 | 7 | 4.28 | 12.31 (3.18–47.60) | 12.47 (3.14–48.76) | 11.68 (2.45–49.37) | ||||
| 60–79 | No | 1260 | 62 | 12.47 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 252 | 21 | 24.48 | 1.97 (1.20–3.24) | 2.00 (1.21–3.34) | 1.83 (1.07–3.15) | ||||
| ≥ 80 | No | 145 | 40 | 86.74 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 29 | 10 | 145.71 | 1.62 (0.81–3.24) | 1.38 (0.69–2.88) | 1.31 (0.49–2.83) | ||||
| AD | Sex | M | No | 1950 | 29 | 3.59 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 0.197 |
| Yes | 390 | 13 | 8.76 | 2.44 (1.27–4.69) | 2.47 (1.25–4.72) | 2.37 (1.21–4.62) | ||||
| F | No | 1485 | 48 | 8.00 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 297 | 10 | 9.27 | 1.17 (0.59–2.31) | 1.22 (0.60–2.45) | 1.28 (0.61–2.59) | ||||
| Age | 40–59 | No | 2030 | 2 | 0.23 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 0.037 | |
| Yes | 406 | 4 | 2.44 | 10.57 (1.94–57.69) | 10.62 (1.88–58.76) | 13.59 (2.14–86.26) | ||||
| 60–79 | No | 1260 | 46 | 9.25 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 252 | 14 | 16.32 | 1.80 (0.99–3.27) | 1.89 (1.01–3.45) | 1.77 (0.99–3.30) | ||||
| ≥ 80 | No | 145 | 29 | 62.89 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 29 | 5 | 72.85 | 1.14 (0.44–2.96) | 1.02 (0.36–2.70) | 1.01 (0.33–2.76) | ||||
| VaD | Sex | M | No | 1950 | 7 | 0.87 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 0.243 |
| Yes | 390 | 2 | 1.35 | 1.52 (0.32–7.32) | 1.58 (0.29–7.90) | 1.27 (0.19–6.54) | ||||
| F | No | 1485 | 5 | 0.83 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 297 | 5 | 4.63 | 5.47 (1.58–18.88) | 5.42 (1.47–17.87) | 4.31 (1.08–16.51) | ||||
| Age | 40–59 | No | 2030 | 1 | 0.12 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 0.781 | |
| Yes | 406 | 1 | 0.61 | 5.21 (0.33–83.36) | 5.24 (0.28–78.93) | 1.18 (0.05–23.31) | ||||
| 60–79 | No | 1260 | 7 | 1.41 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 252 | 3 | 3.50 | 2.40 (0.62–9.26) | 2.44 (0.60–9.52) | 1.83 (0.36–7.69) | ||||
| ≥ 80 | No | 145 | 4 | 8.67 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 29 | 3 | 43.71 | 4.66 (1.04–20.90) | 4.34 (0.82–17.59) | 5.29 (0.78–31.74) | ||||
| Others | Sex | M | No | 1950 | 6 | 0.74 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 0.642 |
| Yes | 390 | 2 | 1.35 | 1.80 (0.36–8.92) | 1.82 (0.23–9.43) | 1.56 (0.21–7.96) | ||||
| F | No | 1485 | 10 | 1.67 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 297 | 6 | 5.56 | 3.28 (1.19–9.03) | 3.15 (1.07–8.77) | 3.15 (1.05–9.23) | ||||
| Age | 40–59 | No | 2030 | 0 | 0.0 | – | – | – | – | |
| Yes | 406 | 2 | 1.22 | – | – | – | ||||
| 60–79 | No | 1260 | 9 | 1.81 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 252 | 4 | 4.66 | 2.52 (0.77–8.17) | 2.37 (0.65–8.37) | 2.41 (0.68–8.29) | ||||
| ≥ 80 | No | 145 | 7 | 15.18 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | |||
| Yes | 29 | 2 | 29.14 | 1.74 (0.36–8.41) | 1.19 (0.20–6.21) | 1.31 (0.23–7.03) | ||||
Data are expressed as number or OR (95% CI). Events indicate the new-onset moderate-to-severe dementia. Model 1, non-adjusted; Model 2, age-, sex-, low income status, and BMI-adjusted; Model 3, age-, sex-, low income status-, BMI-, SOT recipients-, HSCT recipients-, malignant neoplasms-, ESRD on dialysis-, NIDDM-, hypertension-, and dyslipidaemia-adjusted
Abbreviations; AD Alzheimer’s disease, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, CMV cytomegalovirus, ESRD end-stage renal disease, F female, HSCT haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, IR incidence rate, M male, No number of patients, NIDDM non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, OR odds ratio, Ref. reference, SOT solid organ transplantation; VaD vascular dementia
aPer 1000 person-years