FIGURE 1.

Extracellular vesicle biology. Schematic of extracellular vesicle biogenesis. Exosomes arise from the fusion of inward budding of multivesicular bodies. The resulting vesicles are either degraded by lysosomes or secreted as exsomes. Microvesicles arise by direct budding from the plasma membrane and enter the extracellular space. Apoptotic bodies arise from membrane protrusions fragmentation of an apoptotic cell. ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ILV, intraluminal vesicle; MVB, multivesicular body.