Table 3.
Comparisons of change scores from baseline between face-to-face CBT group and blended CBT group.
| Variables | Face-to-face CBT |
Blended CBT |
Difference in change from baseline, adjusted for baseline value |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (95%CI) | Mean (95%CI) | Mean (95%CI) | p-value | |
| STAI | ||||
| Baseline | 55.2 (52.1 to 58.2) | 57.9 (55.3 to 60.4) | ||
| 2 months | 43.5 (39.4 to 47.7) | 42.0 (38.5 to 45.5) | ||
| 6 months | 43.5 (38.7 to 48.3) | 39.8 (36.2 to 43.3) | ||
| Change (2 months – baseline) | −11.7 (−16.0 to −7.4) | −15.8 (−19.1 to −12.6) | −3.2 (−7.8 to 1.3) | 0.16 |
| Change (6 months – baseline) | −11.7 (−16.2 to −7.1) | −18.1 (−21.7 to −14.4) | −4.6 (−10.3 to 1.1) | 0.12 |
| HAD anxiety | ||||
| Baseline | 13.3 (12.5 to 14.2) | 14.1 (13.2 to 14.9) | ||
| 2 months | 9.1 (8.0 to 10.2) | 8.6 (7.7 to 9.5) | ||
| 6 months | 9.7 (8.3 to 11.1) | 7.8 (6.9 to 8.8) | ||
| Change (2 months – baseline) | −4.1 (−5.1 to −3.1) | −5.4 (−6.4 to −4.4) | −1.1 (−2.3 to 0.1) | 0.076 |
| Change (6 months – baseline) | −3.6 (−4.6 to −2.6) | −6.2 (−7.2 to −5.3) | −2.2 (−3.8 to −0.7) | 0.004 |
| HAD depression | ||||
| Baseline | 5.9 (5.1 to 6.7) | 6.3 (5.5 to 7.0) | ||
| 2 months | 5.2 (3.9 to 6.5) | 3.4 (2.5 to 4.3) | ||
| 6 months | 4.9 (3.5 to 6.2) | 3.3 (2.3 to 4.3) | ||
| Change (2 months – baseline) | −0.7 (−1.9 to 0.5) | −2.9 (−3.7 to −2.1) | −2.1 (−3.4 to −0.7) | 0.003 |
| Change (6 months – baseline) | −1.1 (−2.4 to 0.2) | −3.0 (−3.9 to −2.1) | −1.8 (−3.2 to 0.4) | 0.014 |
| Score PSS | ||||
| Baseline | 47.7 (45.7 to 49.7) | 47.9 (45.5 to 50.2) | ||
| 2 months | 39.4 (36.5 to 42.4) | 38.2 (35.9 to 40.4) | ||
| 6 months | 46.7 (44.9 to 48.5) | 47.0 (45.6 to 48.4) | ||
| Change (2 months – baseline) | −8.3 (−11.0 to −5.5) | −9.7 (−12.2 to −7.2) | −1.4 (−4.5 to 1.6) | 0.36 |
| Change (6 months – baseline) | −1.0 (−3.8 to 1.8) | −0.9 (−3.4 to 1.7) | 0.3 (−1.9 to 2.6) | 0.76 |
| Score PSWQ | ||||
| Baseline | 47.4 (45.5 to 49.4) | 48.4 (46.8 to 50.0) | ||
| 2 months | 43.4 (41.1 to 45.7) | 42.3 (40.5 to 44.0) | ||
| 6 months | 43.4 (40.9 to 45.9) | 41.4 (39.3 to 43.5) | ||
| Change (2 months – baseline) | −4.0 (−6.2 to −1.9) | −6.1 (−7.9 to −4.4) | −1.7 (−4.3 to 0.9) | 0.19 |
| Change (6 months – baseline) | −4.0 (−6.2 to −1.8) | −7.0 (−8.9 to −5.2) | −2.4 (−5.5 to 0.6) | 0.11 |
| Score BDI | ||||
| Baseline | 8.9 (7.3 to 10.4) | 9.4 (7.6 to 11.1) | ||
| 2 months | 6.1 (4.5 to 7.6) | 6.1 (4.6 to 7.6) | ||
| 6 months | 5.5 (3.6 to 7.3) | 3.9 (2.9 to 4.9) | ||
| Change (2 months – baseline) | −2.8 (−4.5 to −1.2) | −3.2 (−4.5 to −2.0) | −0.3 (−2.0 to 1.4) | 0.74 |
| Change (6 months – baseline) | −3.4 (−5.3 to −1.5) | −5.4 (−6.6 to −4.2) | −1.7 (−3.6 to 0.2) | 0.078 |
| VAS-stress | ||||
| Baseline | 73.8 (69.0 to 78.6) | 75.1 (71.4 to 78.8) | ||
| 2 months | 38.5 (30.6 to 46.5) | 34.9 (28.9 to 40.8) | ||
| 6 months | 39.1 (30.4 to 47.7) | 32.2 (25.4 to 39.1) | ||
| Change (2 months – baseline) | −35.2 (−43.1 to −27.4) | −40.3 (−46.7 to −33.8) | −4.8 (−13.4 to 3.7) | 0.27 |
| Change (6 months – baseline) | −34.8 (−43.5 to −26.1) | −42.9 (−49.4 to −36.4) | −7.1 (−18.0 to 3.8) | 0.20 |
Note. 95%CI: 95% Confidence Interval. Values are reported after handling missing values by multiple imputations. STAI: State Trait Anxiety Inventory; Anxiety HAD: Hospital Anxiety Depression scale - Anxiety subscale; Depression HAD: Hospital Anxiety Depression scale – Depression subscale; PSS: Perceived Stress Scale; PSWQ: Pen State Worry Questionnaire; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; VAS-stress: Visual Analog Scale – stress.