Table.

Public health functions and associated types of AI

	Types of AI*	Example
Diagnosis	Expert system; machine learning; natural language processing; signal processing	Researchers applied machine learning and signal processing methods to digital chest radiographs to identify tuberculosis cases18 and drug-resistant tuberculosis cases19
Mortality and morbidity risk assessment	Data mining; machine learning; signal processing	To quantify the risk of dengue fever severity, researchers applied machine learning algorithms to administrative datasets from a large tertiary care hospital in Thailand20
Disease outbreak prediction and surveillance	Data mining; machine learning; natural language processing; signal processing	Remote sensing data and machine learning algorithms were used to characterise and predict the transmission patterns of Zika virus globally21
Health policy and planning	Expert planning; machine learning	Machine learning models were applied to administrative data from South Africa to predict length of stay among health-care workers in underserved communities22

AI=artificial intelligence.

^*Many types AI were implemented together.