Downregulation of c-FLIP and upregulation of DR-5 by Can attenuates TRAIL resistance. DU145 cells were treated with Can (0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1 μM) for 18 h. (A) The levels of c-FLIP and DR-5 were assessed by western blot analysis. DU145 cells were treated with Can (1 μM) for 18 h and then TRAIL (200 ng/ml) for an additional 1 h. (B) The levels of c-FLIP and DR-5 were assessed by western blot analysis. DU145 cells were pretreated with CQ (10 μM) for 1 h prior to exposure to Can (1 μM) for 18 h. (C) The levels of c-FLIP and DR-5 were assessed by western blot analysis. DU145 cells were pretreated with ATG5 siRNA or negative control siRNA for 24 h prior to their exposure to Can (1 μM) for 18 h. (D) The levels of c-FLIP and DR-5 assessed by western blot analysis. c-FLIP, cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein; DR-5, death receptor 5; TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; ATG5, autophagy-related 5; siRNA, small interfering RNA; Can, cantharidin; CQ, chloroquine; NC, negative control.