Table 1.
Characteristics of participants by Self-reported general health.
| 10418(31.0%) | 23188(69.0%) | 33606 | ||
| Measures of Natural Environment | Mean (sd) | Mean (sd) | Mean (sd) | |
| Canopy at 250m | (Continuous) | 21.8 (20.3) | 23.9 (21) | 23.2 (20.8) |
| Canopy at 1250m | (Continuous) | 23.5 (19.3) | 24.8 (19.5) | 24.4 (19.4) |
| Non-gray at 250m | (Continuous) | 71.1 (19.7) | 73.1 (19.1) | 72.5 (19.3) |
| Covariates | Category/ Continuous | N (%)/ Mean (sd) | N (%)/ Mean (sd) | N (%)/ Mean (sd) |
| Socioeconomic and demographic factors | ||||
| Age | (Continuous) | 58.9 (8.9) | 57.8 (8.7) | 58.2 (8.8) |
| Income | <$20k | 745 (7.2%) | 511 (2.2%) | 1256 (3.7%) |
| $20–50k | 2859 (27.4%) | 4091 (17.6%) | 6950 (20.7%) | |
| $50–100k | 4139 (39.7%) | 8937 (38.5%) | 13076 (38.9%) | |
| $100–200k | 2184 (21.0%) | 7313 (31.5%) | 9497 (28.3%) | |
| $200k+ | 491 (4.7%) | 2336 (10.1%) | 2827 (8.4%) | |
| Job | Unable to Work | 548 (5.3%) | 198 (0.9%) | 746 (2.2%) |
| Working | 6397 (61.4%) | 16300 (70.3%) | 22697 (67.5%) | |
| Unpaid/Other Occupation | 3473 (33.3%) | 6690 (28.9%) | 10163 (30.2%) | |
| Education | High School or less | 1897 (18.2%) | 2909 (12.5%) | 4806 (14.3%) |
| Associate/College or so | 3844 (36.9%) | 7028 (30.3%) | 10872 (32.4%) | |
| Bachelor | 2510 (24.1%) | 6818 (29.4%) | 9328 (27.8%) | |
| Graduate | 2167 (20.8%) | 6433 (27.7%) | 8600 (25.6%) | |
| Race | Non-Hispanic White | 8468 (81.3%) | 20713 (89.3%) | 29181 (86.8%) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1212 (11.6%) | 1450 (6.3%) | 2662 (7.9%) | |
| Hispanic | 423 (4.1%) | 524 (2.3%) | 947 (2.8%) | |
| Other | 315 (3.0%) | 501 (2.2%) | 816 (2.4%) | |
| Area Deprivation Index (ADI) | (Continuous) | 40.4 (25.6) | 33.1 (23.3) | 35.3 (24.4) |
| Lifestyle | ||||
| Smoking | Never | 5524 (53.0%) | 13507 (58.2%) | 19031 (56.6%) |
| Former | 3830 (36.8%) | 8269 (35.7%) | 12099 (36.0%) | |
| Current | 1064 (10.2%) | 1412 (6.1%) | 2476 (7.4%) | |
| Drinking | Never/Former | 2500 (24.0%) | 3400 (14.7%) | 5900 (17.6%) |
| Current Social | 950 (9.1%) | 1656 (7.1%) | 2606 (7.8%) | |
| Current Regular | 6968 (66.9%) | 18132 (78.2%) | 25100 (74.7%) | |
| Health Condition | ||||
| Body Mass Index | (continuous) | 29.8 (7.0) | 26.5 (5.3) | 27.6 (6.1) |
| Use of Depression Medication | No | 7147 (68.6%) | 19526 (84.2%) | 26673 (79.4%) |
| Yes | 3271 (31.4%) | 3662 (15.8%) | 6933 (20.6%) | |
| Use of Anxiety Medication | No | 8271 (79.4%) | 20677 (89.2%) | 28948 (86.1%) |
| Yes | 2147 (20.6%) | 2511 (10.8%) | 4658 (13.9%) | |
| Survey Factor | ||||
| Survey Season | Spring | 539 (5.2%) | 1110 (4.8%) | 1649 (4.9%) |
| Summer | 3999 (38.5%) | 9075 (39.1%) | 13074 (38.9%) | |
| Fall | 4625 (44.5%) | 10790 (46.5%) | 15415 (45.9%) | |
| Winter | 1225 (11.8%) | 2213 (9.5%) | 3438 (10.2%) | |
| Strata | ||||
| Urbanicity | Non-Urban | 4388 (42.1%) | 9279 (40.0%) | 13667 (40.7%) |
| Urban | 6030 (57.9%) | 13909 (60.0%) | 19939 (59.3%) | |
| Climate Zone | Arid climate | 868 (8.3%) | 1907 (8.2%) | 2775 (8.3%) |
| Continental climate | 5346 (51.3%) | 12378 (53.4%) | 17724 (52.7%) | |
| Temperate climate | 4204 (40.4%) | 8903 (38.4%) | 13107 (39.0%) | |
| Mediators | ||||
| Walking | (continuous) | 3.8 (5.3) | 4.4 (5.5) | 4.2 (5.4) |
| MVPA2 | (continuous) | 2.8 (3.8) | 4.0 (4.1) | 3.6 (4.1) |
| Social Support | (continuous) | 13 (3.2) | 14.1 (2.5) | 13.7 (2.8) |
| Support Network | < 6 people | 6266 (61.5%) | 11974 (52.5%) | 18240 (55.3%) |
| >= 6 people | 3921 (38.5%) | 10813 (47.5%) | 14734 (44.7%) | |
| PM2.5 | (continuous) | 9.0 (1.8) | 8.9 (1.8) | 8.9 (1.8) |
| NO2 | (continuous) | 8.1 (4.4) | 8.0 (4.3) | 8.1 (4.3) |
Statistics are means and standard deviation (sd) for continuous variables and number and percent (%) for categorical variables.
1
Total number excluding missing values of General Health, covariates, and stratification factors (a total of 7,521 cases were missing).
2
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.