Table 3:
Differences in medical expenditures for treating disease conditions between real and hypothetical non-WHI scenarios over a 13-year cumulative period (2003–2015): with or without hysterectomya.
| Disease conditions stratified by age groups (years) | Counts of disease attributable to ET (rates in ET group minus rate in placebo) (95%LCL,95%UCL) | bCumulative medical expenditure differences between real and hypothetical non-WHI scenarios ($millions) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Annual (95%LCL,95%UCL) | 13-Years (95%LCL,95%UCL) | ||
| Breast Cancer | |||
| 50–59 | −10842(3294, −26722) | −65(20,−161) | −850(258,−2094) |
| 60–69 | −24165(−9243,−39092) | −146(−56,−236) | −1894(−724,−3063) |
| 70–79 | −7667(−3545,−11788) | −46(−21,−71) | −601(−278,−924) |
| Coronary heart disease (CHD) | |||
| 50–59 | −17036(5175,−41993) | −75(23,−185) | −978(297,−2410) |
| 60–69 | 0(0,0) | 0(0,0) | 0(0,0) |
| 70–79 | 0(0,0) | 0(0,0) | 0(0,0) |
| Stroke | |||
| 50–59 | −3098(941,−7634) | −18(5,−44) | −232(70,−572) |
| 60–69 | 27189(10399,43980) | 157(60,253) | 2037(779,3294) |
| 70–7 | 10734(4965,16508) | 62(29, 95) | 804(372,1237) |
| Pulmonary Embolism | |||
| 50–59 | 1547(−471,3814) | 7(−2,16) | 86(−26,211) |
| 60–69 | 18125(6935,29317) | 77(30,125) | 1003(384,1622) |
| 70–79 | −7666(−3544,−11791) | −33(−15,−50) | −424(−196,−652) |
| Colorectal Cancer | |||
| 50–59 | −4647(1412,−11454) | −63(19,−156) | −823(250,−2028) |
| 60–69 | 0(0,0) | 0(0,0) | 0(0,0) |
| 70–79 | 16868(7802,25936) | 230(106,353) | 2986(1381,4592) |
| Hip Fracture | |||
| 50–59 | −1547(469,−3816) | −24(7,−60) | −318(96,−784) |
| 60–69 | 0(0,0) | 0(0,0) | 0(0,0) |
| 70–79 | −10735(−4963,−16504) | −170(−78,−261) | −2207(−1020,−3393) |
| Global Index | |||
| 50–59 | −40274(12225,−99261) | −335(102,−825) | −4353(1321,−10730) |
| 60–69 | 21148(8090,34208) | 176(67,284) | 2286(874,3698) |
| 70–79 | 50604(23397,77810) | 421(195,647) | 5470(2529,8411) |
All women includes women with or without documented hysterectomy in MEPS.
The unit expenditure per disease based on MEPS (2003–2015) data are: $6027.91, breast cancer; $4415.65, CHD; $5761.94, stroke; $4257.01, PE; $13618.06, colorectal cancer; $15812.83, hip fracture; $8315.01, global index. The unit expenditure for the global index was calculated as the arithmetic average of the 6 comprising diseases. The 95% CIs are obtained from repeating the analysis using the 95% CIs of the non-WHI estrogen usage trend.
The annual expenditures accrued during each year of the observation period, 2003–2015, were summed up to generate 13-year cumulative expenditures associated with treating chronic condition. A positive difference in the medical expenditures corresponds to excess cost of treatment of excess diseases. Conversely, negative differences correspond to monetary savings in medical expenditures for diseases averted.