Table 4.
Univariate Cox proportional hazard model for 5-year overall and disease free survivals of HNSCC patients
| 5-year overall survival | 5-year disease free survival | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alive/all patients (%)a | HR | 95% CI | p valued | Alive/all patients (%)a | HR | 95% CI | p valued | |
| Age | ||||||||
| ≤ 52 years | 23/51 (45.10) | 1.123 | 27/51 (52.94) | 1.451 | ||||
| > 52 years | 53/104 (50.96) | 1.000 | 0.719–1.807 | 0.576 | 76/104 (73.08) | 1.000 | 1.055–3.142 | 0.028 |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female | 20/25 (80.00) | 1.000 | 21/25 (84.00) | 1.000 | ||||
| Male | 56/130 (43.08) | 3.616 | 1.461–8.952 | 0.001 | 82/130 (63.08) | 2.919 | 1.052–8.100 | 0.019 |
| Performance status in the Karnofsky scale | ||||||||
| ≤ 80% | 37/90 (41.11) | 1.391 | 58/90 (64.44) | 1.216 | ||||
| > 80% | 39/65 (60.00) | 1.000 | 1.026–2.625 | 0.034 | 45/65 (69.23) | 1.000 | 0.729–2.230 | 0.385 |
| Tumour site | ||||||||
| Oral cavity | 11/25 (44.00) | 1.232 | 0.700–2.422 | 16/25 (64.00) | 1.312 | 0.684–3.083 | ||
| Oropharynx | 36/66 (54.55) | 1.000 | 48/66 (72.73) | 1.000 | ||||
| Hypopharynx | 2/6 (33.33) | 1.259 | 0.493–3.698 | 1/6 (16.67) | 4.001 | 1.536–10.421 | ||
| Larynx | 27/58 (46.55) | 1.143 | 0.715–1.907 | 0.797 | 38/58 (65.52) | 1.199 | 0.685–2.272 | 0.079 |
| T stage | ||||||||
| 1 + 2 | 21/29 (72.41) | 1.000 | 25/29 (86.21) | 1.000 | ||||
| 3 + 4 | 55/126 (43.65) | 1.622 | 1.270–5.496 | 0.003 | 78/126 (61.90) | 3.449 | 1.243–9.571 | 0.006 |
| N stage | ||||||||
| 0 + 1 | 35/60 (58.33) | 1.000 | 41/60 (68.33) | 1.000 | ||||
| 2 + 3 | 41/95 (43.16) | 1.393 | 1.025–2.651 | 0.033 | 62/95 (65.26) | 1.219 | 0.728–2.254 | 0.377 |
| Grade | ||||||||
| 1 + 2 | 68/133 (51.13) | 1.000 | 91/133 (68.42) | 1.000 | ||||
| 3 | 8/22 (36.36) | 1.250 | 0.748–2.374 | 0.328 | 12/22 (54.55) | 1.347 | 0.767–3.054 | 0.013 |
| Keratinization | ||||||||
| No | 35/64 (54.69) | 1.000 | 46/64 (71.88) | 1.000 | ||||
| Yes | 41/91 (45.05) | 1.239 | 0.831–2.077 | 0.235 | 57/91 (62.64) | 1.315 | 0.824–2.585 | 0.184 |
| The level of smokingb | ||||||||
| ≤ 200 | 24/33 (72.73) | 1.000 | 28/33 (84.85) | 1.000 | ||||
| > 200 | 52/122 (42.62) | 1.585 | 1.202–4.824 | 0.007 | 75/122 (61.48) | 2.931 | 1.165–7.373 | 0.012 |
| The level of drinking | ||||||||
| Low | 37/67 (55.22) | 1.000 | 50/67 (74.63) | 1.000 | ||||
| High | 39/88 (44.32) | 1.274 | 0.874–2.170 | 0.160 | 53/88 (60.23) | 1.440 | 1.000–3.192 | 0.043 |
| HPV active infection (all types) | ||||||||
| Present | 26/32 (81.25) | 1.000 | 30/32 (93.75) | 1.000 | ||||
| Absent | 50/123 (40.65) | 3.973 | 1.727–9.139 | 0.000 | 73/123 (59.35) | 8.190 | 1.992–33.676 | 0.000 |
| HPV16 active infectionc | ||||||||
| Present | 23/28 (82.14) | 1.000 | 26/28 (92.86) | 1.000 | ||||
| Absent | 50/123 (40.65) | 4.333 | 1.723–10.894 | 0.000 | 73/123 (59.35) | 8.015 | 1.795–35.786 | 0.000 |
| Treatment | ||||||||
| Definitive CRT | 23/31 (74.19) | 1.101 | 0.429–2.885 | 25/31 (80.65) | 1.123 | 0.349–3.744 | ||
| Surgery + CRT | 7/10 (70.00) | 1.000 | 8/10 (80.00) | 1.000 | ||||
| Definitive RT | 5/12 (41.67) | 1.530 | 0.673–6.740 | 0.079 | 6/12 (50.00) | 3.190 | 0.751–13.541 | 0.069 |
| Surgery + RT | 33/76 (43.42) | 1.547 | 0.697–6.984 | 51/76 (67.11) | 1.443 | 0.481–6.710 | ||
| Induction CT | 8/26 (30.77) | 4.069 | 1.109–14.937 | 13/26 (50.00) | 4.664 | 0.909–23.925 | ||
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
aRow percentage
bNumber of cigarettes per day x years of smoking
c151 patients (patients infected with other than HPV16 types were excluded)
dValues in bold indicate statistically significant differences between groups at the p < 0.05 level