Table 2.

Summary of the overall risk of bias in randomized controlled trials of prospective studies in the qualitative assessment

Author (year)	Random sequence generation	Allocation concealment	Blinding of participants	Blinding of outcome assessment	Incomplete outcome data	Selective reporting	Other biases	Overall bias
Cara et al. (1991)	High risk	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low risk	Low risk	High risk
Cara et al. (1992a)	High risk	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low risk	Low risk	High risk
Cara et al. (1992b)	Low risk	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low risk	Low risk	Unclear
Ostlund Jr et al. (2003)	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Unclear
Lin et al. (2004)	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Unclear	Low risk	High risk	Low risk	High risk
Alessandri et al. (2006)	Low risk	High risk	Low risk	Unclear	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	High risk
Tripkovic et al. (2015)	Low risk	Low risk	Unclear	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Unclear
Moreira-Rosário (2016)	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Unclear	Low risk	Low risk	Unclear
Rodionova et al. (2016)	High risk	Low risk	Low risk	Unclear	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	High risk
Moreira-Rosário (2019)	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk