Table 2.
COVID-19-related clinical, radiological and biological characteristics on admission in CORONADO participants, according to primary outcome (tracheal intubation and/or death within 7 days of admission), and death on day 7
| Characteristic | Number of people with available data | All | Primary outcome (n = 382) OR (95% CI) |
Death (n = 140) OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 symptoms | 1313 | 1237/1313 (94.2) | 3.20 (1.58, 6.49) | 2.21 (0.79, 6.13) |
| Time between symptom onset and hospital admission (days) | 1302 | 5 [2–8] | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | 0.96 (0.92, 0.99) |
| Clinical presentation | ||||
| Fever | 1288 | 1003/1288 (77.9) | 1.07 (0.80, 1.44) | 0.73 (0.49, 1.10) |
| Fatigue | 1239 | 773/1239 (62.4) | 1.15 (0.89, 1.49) | 1.13 (0.77, 1.65) |
| Cough | 1270 | 872/1270 (68.7) | 0.99 (0.76, 1.29) | 0.87 (0.59, 1.28) |
| Cephalalgia | 1193 | 157/1193 (13.2) | 0.85 (0.58, 1.25) | 0.44 (0.21, 0.92) |
| Dyspnoea | 1292 | 798/1292 (61.8) | 2.56 (1.95, 3.36) | 2.29 (1.51, 3.47) |
| Rhinitis and/or pharyngeal symptoms | 1178 | 111/1178 (9.4) | 0.78 (0.49, 1.23) | 0.39 (0.16, 0.99) |
| Ageusia and/or anosmia | 1073 | 136/1073 (12.7) | 0.73 (0.47, 1.12) | 0.34 (0.14, 0.85) |
| Digestive disorders | 1236 | 427/1236 (34.5) | 0.83 (0.64, 1.08) | 0.88 (0.60, 1.30) |
| Chest CT imaging | ||||
| Abnormal chest CT | 896 | 844/896 (94.2) | 1.16 (0.61, 2.21) | – |
| Ground-glass opacity/crazy paving | 818 | 736/818 (90.0) | 1.83 (1.02, 3.28) | 1.70 (0.66, 4.32) |
| Biological findings | ||||
| Positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR | 1268 | 1227/1268 (96.8) | 2.44 (1.02, 5.85) | 1.54 (0.47, 5.06) |
| Admission plasma glucose (mmol/l)a | 940 | 9.20 [6.80–12.62] | 1.28 (1.12, 1.48) | 1.20 (0.98, 1.46) |
| Plasma creatinine (μmol/l)a | 1196 | 91 [69–133] | 1.24 (1.10, 1.40) | 1.56 (1.33, 1.82) |
| eGFR (ml min−1 [1.73 m]−2)a | 1196 | 69 [41.7–89.5] | 0.82 (0.73, 0.93) | 0.61 (0.52, 0.71) |
| ALT (%ULN)a | 1068 | 0.62 [0.41–0.99] | 1.25 (1.10, 1.42) | 0.84 (0.67, 1.06) |
| AST (%ULN)a | 1053 | 1.05 [0.75–1.51] | 1.78 (1.54, 2.06) | 1.34 (1.14, 1.59) |
| GGT (%ULN)a | 983 | 0.94 [0.56–1.73] | 1.25 (1.10, 1.43) | 0.97 (0.78, 1.20) |
| Haemoglobin (g/l)a | 1276 | 129 [114–143] | 0.95 (0.84, 1.07) | 0.96 (0.81, 1.14) |
| White cell count (103/mm3)a | 1269 | 6440 [4930–8610] | 1.27 (1.12, 1.44) | 1.43 (1.19, 1.70) |
| Lymphocyte count (103/mm3)a | 1211 | 990 [685–1400] | 0.69 (0.60, 0.80) | 0.75 (0.60, 0.92) |
| Platelet count (103/mm3)a | 1273 | 193 [151–246] | 0.86 (0.76, 0.97) | 0.86 (0.73, 1.02) |
| D-dimers (μg/l)a | 397 | 830 [350–1571] | 0.93 (0.76, 1.15) | 1.25 (0.84, 1.86) |
| CRP (mg/l)a | 1208 | 77.8 [38.4–132.7] | 1.99 (1.69, 2.34) | 1.49 (1.20, 1.84) |
| LDH (UI/l)a | 566 | 351 [268–496] | 2.43 (1.85, 3.18) | 1.62 (1.10, 2.39) |
| CPK (UI/l)a | 549 | 145 [72–319] | 1.56 (1.30, 1.88) | 1.68 (1.31, 2.17) |
| Fibrinogen (g/l)a | 658 | 6.0 [4.8–7.2] | 1.32 (1.09, 1.58) | 1.05 (0.84, 1.31) |
Data are presented as numbers (%) or median [25th–75th percentile] if not normally distributed
aAll biological quantitative variables were natural log transformed. OR corresponds to an increase of 1 SD
eGFR was calculated according to the CKD-EPI formula
GGT, γ-glutamyl transferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ULN, upper limit of normal