Table 1.
Demographics and clinical statistics of AFM patients (n = 18).
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age at onset (n = 18) | ||
| Median age (range; IQR) (n = 18) | 4.05(0.9-9) | |
| Sex (n = 18) | ||
| Male | 7(38.9) | |
| Female | 11(61.1) | |
| Hospitalized (n = 18) | ||
| Median length of stay | 16(5-22) | |
| Patients with febrile illness preceding limb disorders | 16(83.3) | |
| Patients with respiratory symptoms preceding limb weakness | 10(55.6) | |
| Ventilator support needed | 0(0) | |
| Feeding support needed | 0(0) | |
| Limb paralysis (n = 18) | ||
| 1 limb | 12(66.7) | |
| 2 limbs | 4(22.2) | |
| 3 limbs | 1(5.5) | |
| 4 limbs | 1(5.5) | |
| Arms only | 13(66.7) | |
| Legs | 4(22.2) | |
| AFM cases (n = 18) | ||
| Confirmed cases | 11(61.1) | |
| Probable cases | 7(38.9) | |
| Cranial nerve weakness (n = 18) | ||
| Dysphagia | 1(5.5) | |
| Diplopia | 0(0) | |
| Facial disorders | 1(5.5) | |
| Neurological symptoms (n = 18) | ||
| Headache | 2(10.5) | |
| Neck stiffness | 3(15.7) | |
| Altered mental status | 0(0) | |
| Seizures during illness | 1(5.3) | |
| Treatment (n = 18) | ||
| Experimental antiviral | 18(100) | |
| Systemic corticosteroids | 18(100) | |
| Intravenous immunoglobulin | 12(66.7) | |
| Maximum extent of weakness (out of 5 for strength) (n = 18) | ||
| ≤ 2/5 strength | 14(77.8) | |
| 3/5 strength | 2(11.1) | |
| >3/5 strength | 3(16.7) | |
| Clinical outcome (n = 18) | ||
| As weak | 10(55.6) | |
| Some improvement | 7(38.8) | |
| Full recovery | 0(0) | |
| Weaker | 1(5.5) | |
| Virology (EV-D68 positive) | 9(50.0) | |
| Stool | 8(44.4) | |
| Blood | 0(0) | |
| CSF | 0(0) | |
| NP/OP | 2(11.1) | |
| Virology (enterovirus positive EV-D68 negative) | Stool | 4(22.2) |
| Virology (rhinovirus positive) | Stool | 2(11.1) |
IQR, interquartile range; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; NP, nasopharyngeal swab; OP, oropharyngeal swab.