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. 2020 May 4;4(2):256–271. doi: 10.1016/j.jseint.2020.01.010

Table I.

Study characteristics of midshaft clavicle fracture studies

Authors, year Location of study Study design Sample size Treatments evaluated Length of study follow-up Age, yr Male sex, %
Ahrens et al,1 2017 United Kingdom Randomized trial 302 Plate 9 mo Mean, 36 ± 12 86
Sling Mean, 36 ± 12 88
Andersen et al,2 1987 Denmark Randomized trial 61 F8B 3 mo Median, 19 (range, 14-81) NR
Sling Median, 19 (range, 14-66)
Andrade-Silva et al,3 2015 Brazil Randomized trial 59 Plate 12 mo Mean, 31 ± 12 85
ESIN Mean, 28 ± 9 73
Assobhi,4 2011 Finland Randomized trial 38 Plate 12 mo Mean, 33 ± 6 (range, 26-49) 89
ESIN Mean, 30 ± 5 (range, 24-45) 84
Bhardwaj et al,6 2018 India Randomized trial 69 Plate 24 mo Mean, 32 22
Sling Mean, 32 39
Calbiyik et al,9 2017 Turkey Randomized trial 75 CRx 12 mo Mean, 42 ± 14 60
Plate Mean, 39 ± 7 63
Chen et al,11 2018 China Randomized trial 54 Plate Mean, 15 mo (range, 12-24 mo) Mean, 38 ± 11 59
ESIN Mean, 39 ± 11 56
Chen et al,12 2011 China Randomized trial 60 ESIN Mean, 15 mo (range, 10-20 mo) Mean, 39 ± 12 53
Sling Mean, 38 ± 13 53
Chen et al,13 2012 China Observational 141 ESIN 24 mo Mean, 34 (range, 20-59) 72
Plate Mean, 37 (range, 19-63) 73
Chu et al,14 2018 Taiwan Observational 120 Plate 6 mo Mean, 46 ± 17 63
F8B Mean, 50 ± 15 73
Coppa et al,15 2017 Italy Observational 58 IMP Mean, 47 mo (range, 23-74 mo) Mean, 40 ± 16 93
F8B Mean, 37 ± 16 83
Eden et al,17 2015 Germany Observational 102 F8B 12 mo Mean, 41 ± 18 NR
Plate Mean, 38 ± 15
ESIN Mean, 34 ± 15
Ersen et al,19 2015 Turkey Randomized trial 60 F8B Mean, 8 mo (range, 6-12 mo) Mean, 34 (range, 16-75) 79
Sling Mean, 29 (range, 15-72) 83
Ferran et al,20 2010 United Kingdom Quasi-randomized 32 IMP 12 mo Mean, 24 (range, 13-42) 82
Plate Mean, 35 (range, 16-53) 87
Fu et al,24 2012 Taiwan Observational 103 IMP Mean, 15 mo (range, 12-153 mo) Mean, 35 ± 15 72
Plate Mean, 40 ± 15 66
Fuglesang et al,25 2017 Norway Randomized trial 123 Plate 12 mo Mean, 35 (range, 16-59) 81
ESIN Mean, 36 (range, 16-57) 90
Hanselman et al,26 2016 United States Observational 157 Plate Up to 5 yr NR NR
IMP
Jones et al,34 2014 United Kingdom Observational 57 Plate Mean, 30 mo (range, 12-54 mo) Mean, 27 ± 8 84
ESIN
Judd et al,35 2009 United States Randomized trial 70 IMP 12 mo Mean, 28 (range, 19-40) 93
Sling Mean, 25 (range, 17-41) 89
Khorami et al,37 2014 Iran Randomized trial 87 F8B 6 mo Mean, 32 77
Plate Mean, 31 71
King et al,38 2019 Turkey Randomized trial 87 CRx 15 mo Mean, 29 ± 14 74
Plate Mean, 35 ± 12 54
Kleweno et al,40 2011 United States Observational 32 IMP Mean, 8 mo (range, 3-28 mo) Mean, 35 (range, 16-56) 71
Plate Mean, 17 mo (range, 4-58 mo) Mean, 28 (range, 16-46) 83
Kulshrestha et al,41 2011 India Observational 73 Plate 18 mo Mean, 32 ± 6 96
Sling Mean, 33 ± 5 86
Lechler et al,43 2016 Germany Observational 47 ESIN Mean, 38 mo Mean, 36 ± 15 72
Plate Mean, 39 ± 15 64
Lee et al,44 2008 Taiwan Quasi-randomized 103 IMP 12 mo Mean, 40 66
Plate Mean, 38 63
Lee et al,46 2007 Taiwan Quasi-randomized 69 IMP 30 mo Mean, 60 (range, 50-81) 59
Plate Mean, 57 (range, 52-79) 57
Liu et al,50 2010 Taiwan Observational 110 ESIN Mean, 18 mo (range, 12-27 mo) Mean, 34 ± 14 (range, 16-65) 63
Plate Mean, 32 ± 10 (range, 17-58) 49
McKee et al,54 2007; Schemitsch et al,73 2011 Canada Randomized trial 132 Sling 12 mo Mean, 34 69
Plate Mean, 34 86
Melean et al,56 2015 Chile Randomized trial 76 Sling 12 mo Mean, 37 ± 11 NR
Plate Mean, 38 ± 13
Mirzatolooei,57 2011 Iran Randomized trial 60 Sling 12 mo Mean, 35 10
Plate Mean, 36 21
Napora et al,58 2018 United States Observational 138 Sling ≥12 mo Range, 16-71 NR
Plate Range, 16-71
Narsaria et al,59 2014 India Randomized trial 66 Plate 24 mo Mean, 40 ± 11 (range, 18-64) 79
ESIN Mean, 39 ± 9 (range, 20-62) 73
Naveen et al,60 2017 India Nonrandomized controlled trial 60 F8B and sling 6 mo Mean, 35 90
Plate Mean, 32 87
Qvist et al,65 2018 Denmark Randomized trial 150 Sling 12 mo Mean, 39 (range, 18-60) 92
Plate Mean, 40 (range, 18-60) 100
Robinson et al,68 2013 United Kingdom Randomized trial 200 Sling 12 mo Mean, 33 ± 13 88
Plate Mean, 32 ± 11 87
Saha et al,71 2014 India Quasi-randomized 80 Plate 24 mo Mean, 33 ± 13 (range, 15-58) NR
ESIN Mean, 33 ± 12 (range, 15-55)
Shetty et al,75 2017 India Randomized trial 30 F8B and sling 6 mo NR NR
Plate
Silva et al,77 2011 Brazil Randomized trial 22 Plate 6 mo NR NR
ESIN
Smekal et al,79 2011 Austria Randomized trial 120 Sling 24 mo Mean, 38 ± 15 85
ESIN Mean, 37 ± 13 90
Smekal et al,80 2009 Austria Randomized trial 60 Sling 24 mo Mean, 40 ± 15 87
ESIN Mean, 36 ± 12 87
Tabatabaei and Shalamzari,83 2011 Iran Nonrandomized controlled trial 68 IMP Mean, 14 mo Mean, 29 84
Plate Mean, 27 84
Tamaoki et al,84 2017 Brazil Randomized trial 117 F8B 12 mo Mean, 35 ± 13 81
Plate Mean, 31 ± 10 90
Tarng et al,87 2012 Taiwan Observational 57 Plate 12 mo Mean, 47 (IQR, 37-59) 56
ESIN Mean, 38 (IQR, 27-58) 40
Tutuhatunewa et al,91 2017 The Netherlands Observational 278 Sling Median, 26 mo (range, 15-41 mo) Median, 42 (IQR, 26-56) 78
Plate Median, 27 mo (range, 18-37 mo) Median, 40 (IQR, 24-50) 86
van der Meijden et al,93 2015 The Netherlands Randomized trial 120 Plate 12 mo Mean, 38 ± 15 91
ESIN Mean, 40 ± 13 97
Van Der Ven Denise et al,94 2015 The Netherlands Observational 97 Sling Mean, 60 mo Mean, 41 ± 15 85
Plate Mean, 41 ± 13 90
Virtanen et al,97 2012 Finland Randomized trial 60 Sling 12 mo Mean, 33 ± 12 88
Plate Mean, 41 ± 11 86
Wang et al,100 2015 Taiwan Observational 55 Plate 12 mo Mean, 35 (range, 16-60) 70
ESIN Mean, 42 (range, 16-66) 68
Wenninger et al,101 2013 United States Observational 65 IMP 12 mo Mean, 25 (range, 18-51) 97
Plate Mean, 27 (range, 20-49) 90
Wijdicks et al,102 2012 The Netherlands Observational 90 Plate Median, 8 mo (IQR, 2-13) Mean, 39 ± 14 77
ESIN Median, 6 mo (IQR, 5-12) Mean, 33 ± 16 70
Woltz et al,103 2017 The Netherlands Randomized trial 160 Sling 12 mo Mean, 37 ± 13 89
Plate Mean, 38 ± 13 93
Zehir et al,108 2015 Turkey Randomized trial 45 CRx Mean, 12 mo Mean, 33 ± 9 58
Plate Mean, 14 mo Mean, 32 ± 8 57

F8B, figure-of-eight bandage; NR, not reported; ESIN, elastic stable intramedullary nail; CRx, Sonoma CRx intramedullary nail; IMP, intramedullary pin; IQR, interquartile range.