Table 1.

Baseline and 4-month follow-up characteristics of the Sham-VNS and VNS groups

Variables	Sham-VNS, n = 13		VNS, n = 19		p1	p2	p3
	Baseline	4 months	Baseline	4 months
Height (cm)	162 ± 16	163 ± 15	155 ± 23	157 ± 21	0.700	0.041	0.009
Body weight (kg)	60.9 ± 20.4	61.1 ± 19.2	55.6 ± 20.8	57.1 ± 21.0	0.282	0.685	0.065
BMI (kg/m2)	22.3 ± 3.9	22.2 ± 3.7	22.2 ± 4.2	22.3 ± 4.3	1.000	0.814	0.199
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	116 ± 21	114 ± 13	115 ± 14	115 ± 12	0.788	0.666	0.896
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	73 ± 11	74 ± 8	76 ± 11	78 ± 10	0.847	0.944	0.081

p values were provided for comparison as follows: (1) p1: Sham-VNS vs. VNS at baseline; (2) p2: Baseline vs. 4-month follow-up for Sham-VNS group; (3) p3: Baseline vs. 4-month follow-up for VNS group