Table 1.
A table summarizing the recent clinical trials with targeted therapies that showed clinical benefits.
| Drug/targeted therapy | Thyroid cancer | N | ORR | OS, DFS | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vemurafenib | RAI-refractory-metastatic thyroid cancer with BRAFV600E mutation | 3 | 1 patient had a PR, and two patients had SD | time to disease progression: 11.4, 11.7, and 13.2 mo OS: 15, 21, and at least 31.7 mo | (47) |
| Vemurafenib | recurrent or metastatic RAI-refractory papillary thyroid with BRAFV600E mutation | 26 22 | 38.5% of the patients had PR and 35% had stable disease. 27.3% of the patients had a PR and 27.3% had SD | No VEGFR-inhibitor: median PFS: 18.2 mo median OS: not reached Prior VEGFR-inhibitor: median PFS: 8.9 mo Median OS: 14.4 mo | (48) |
| Dabrafenib | metastatic or unresectable PTC with BRAFV600E mutation | 10 | 20% had a PR and 40% had SD treatment | (49) | |
| Dabrafenib and Trametinib | BRAFV600E-mutated undifferentiated thyroid cancer | 16 | One patient (16%) had a CR and 10 patients (63%) had a PR | 12-month estimates of PFS: 79%, and OS: 80%, respectively. | (50) |
| Pazopanib and trametinib | Advanced thyroid cancer RAI refractory | 12 | 50% of the patients had SD and 33% had a PR | Median PFS: 10.7 mo Median OS: 29.3 mo | (51) |
| Selumetinib | RAI-refractory thyroid cancer | 32 | 1 patient (3%) had a PR, 54% had SD | Median PFS: 32 weeks Median PFS for patients with BRAFV600E: 33 weeks vs 11 weeks for patients with WT BRAF | (52) |
| Selumetinib | metastatic thyroid cancer | 20 | Of the 8 patients treated with radioiodine, 5 had PR and and 3 had SD | (53) | |
| everolimus | RAI-refractory thyroid cancer | 33 (DTC) 7 (ATC) | 1 patient (3%) had PR and 27 patients (82%) had SD one patient (14.2%) had near-CR and one patient (14.2%) had SD | Median PFS was 12.9 months Median OS was not reached | (54) |
| everolimus | advanced thyroid cancer | 28 | 17 patients (65%) showed SD | Median PFS: 9 mo Median OS: 18 mo | (55) |
| Sorafenib | advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer | 207 | 12.2% of the patients had PR | Median PFS: 20.5 mo for BRAFV600E-Sorafenib group vs 8.9 months BRAFWT-sorafenib group and 5.5 months for mutated RAS-sorafenib group vs 10.8 months for wild-type RAS-sorafenib group) | (56) |
| Lenvatinib | patients with RAI-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer | 58 | 50% of the patients had PR 43% of the patients had SD and 28% had a durable SD. | median PFS was 12.6 mo median OS could not be estimated | (57) |
| Lenvatinib | RAI-refractory progressive thyroid cancer | 261 | 4 patients (1.5%) had CR 165 patients (63.2%) had PR | Median PFS: 18.3 mo | (58) |