Table 3.
Parameter estimates and confidence intervals for best fitting models
| Am | Cm | Em | Au | Cu | Eu | β1 | β2 | Aux | Cux | Eux | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internalizing | |||||||||||
| Maternal discipline | |||||||||||
| NL main | 0.66* (0.43–0.89) | −0.33 (−0.74 to 0.09) | 0.67* (0.61–0.74) | −0.46* (−0.84 to −0.07) | 0.37 (−0.03 to 0.77) | −0.80* (−0.87 to −0.73) | −0.01 (−0.08 to 0.07) | −0.04 (−0.09 to 0.01) | |||
| Maternal affection | |||||||||||
| NL Main | 0.66* (0.48–0.85) | 0.48* (0.25–0.72) | 0.58* (0.52–0.63) | 0.38 (−0.07 to 0.83) | 0.42* (0.08–0.76) | 0.80* (0.73–0.88) | 0.13* (0.05–0.22) | −0.03 (−0.08 to 0.03) | |||
| Paternal discipline | |||||||||||
| NL main w/GxM | 0.44* (0.12–0.77) | 0.56* (0.34–0.78) | 0.69* (0.63–0.76) | 0.51* (0.32–0.71) | 0.17 (−0.31 to 0.65) | 0.76* (0.69–0.83) | −0.05 (−0.14 to 0.03) | −0.01 (−0.07 to 0.05) | 0.20 (−0.06 to 0.45) | −0.27* (−0.49 to −0.05) | 0.05 (−0.02 to −0.12) |
| Paternal affection | |||||||||||
| NL main w/GxM | 0.60* (0.41–0.79) | 0.57* (0.38–0.76) | 0.56* (0.50–0.61) | 0.42* (0.00–0.84) | 0.36 (−0.06–0.77) | 0.80* (0.72–0.87) | 0.14* (0.06–0.21) | 0.02 (−0.04 to 0.08) | 0.04 (−0.25 to 0.33) | −0.15 (−0.35 to 0.05) | −0.03 (−0.10 to 0.05) |
| Alcohol use problems | |||||||||||
| Maternal discipline | |||||||||||
| NL main | −0.66* (−0.89 to −0.43) | 0.33 (−0.09 to 0.74) | −0.67* (−0.74 to −0.61) | −0.62* (−0.72 to −0.51) | 0.00 (−1.36 to 1.36) | 0.79* (0.71 to 0.86) | −0.01 (−0.09 to 0.07) | −0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) | |||
| Maternal affection | |||||||||||
| NL main | −0.66* (−0.85 to −0.48) | −0.48* (−0.72 to −0.25) | −0.58* (−0.63 to −0.52) | −0.61* (−0.72 to −0.50) | 0.00 (−1.32 to 1.32) | −0.79* (−0.86 to −0.71) | 0.02 (−0.07 to 0.12) | 0.02 (−0.04 to 0.08) | |||
| Paternal discipline | |||||||||||
| NL main | −0.44* (−0.76 to −0.12) | −0.56* (−0.78 to −0.34) | −0.69* (−0.76 to −0.63) | −0.62* (−0.72 to −0.51) | 0.00 (−1.23 to 1.23) | −0.79* (−0.86 to −0.71) | −0.01 (−0.09 to 0.07) | 0.01 (−0.04 to 0.07) | |||
| Paternal affection | |||||||||||
| NL main w/GxM | 0.60* (0.41–0.79) | 0.57* (0.38–0.76) | −0.56* (−0.61 to −0.50) | 0.60* (0.49–0.71) | 0.00 (−1.09 to 1.09) | 0.80* (0.72–0.86) | 0.08* (0.00–0.16) | 0.06 (0.00–0.13) | −0.06 (−0.17 to 0.05) | 0.00 (−0.22 to 0.22) | −0.05 (−0.12 to 0.02) |
Am genetic path estimate for parent–child relationship quality, Cm shared environmental path estimate for parent–child relationship quality, Em nonshared environmental path estimate for parent–child relationship quality, Au genetic path estimate unique to psychopathology, Cu shared environmental path estimate unique to psychopathology, Eu nonshared environmental path estimate unique to psychopathology, β1 main effect of parent child-relationship quality on psychopathology, β2 main effect squared of parent child-relationship quality on psychopathology, Aux moderator of genetic path to psychopathology, Cux moderator of common environmental path to psychopathology, Eux moderator of nonshared environmental path to psychopathology
p < 0.05