Table 2.
Clinical Outcomes Stratified by the Presence or Absence of the Evaluated Disease Components
| Outcome | Moderate–Severe Parenchymal Lung Disease |
Pulmonary Hypertension |
Large Airway Disease |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Absent | OR (95% CI) | Present | Absent | OR (95% CI) | Present | Absent | OR (95% CI) | |
| Primary composite | |||||||||
| Death, tracheostomy, or pulmonary vasodilator use at discharge, n/N (%) | 41/57 (72) | 13/16 (81) | 0.59 (0.15–2.4) | 41/48 (85) | 13/25 (52) | 5.4 (1.8–16.6) | 38/44 (86) | 16/29 (55) | 5.1 (1.7–15.9) |
| Individual components | |||||||||
| Death before NICU discharge, n/N (%) | 9/57 (16) | 1/16 (6) | 2.8 (0.33–24.0) | 10/48 (21) | 0/25 (0) | Not estimated* | 5/44 (11) | 5/29 (17) | 0.62 (0.16–2.3) |
| Tracheostomy, n/N (%) | 33/57 (58) | 9/16 (56) | 1.1 (0.35–3.3) | 30/48 (63) | 12/25 (48) | 1.8 (0.68–4.8) | 34/44 (77) | 8/29 (28) | 8.9 (3.0–26.2) |
| Pulmonary vasodilator at discharge, n/N (%)† | 17/48 (35) | 7/15 (47) | 0.63 (0.19–2.0) | 21/38 (55) | 3/25 (12) | 9.1 (2.3–35.5) | 16/39 (41) | 8/24 (33) | 1.4 (0.48–4.0) |
| Additional secondary outcomes | |||||||||
| Home oxygen therapy, n/N (%)† | 45/48 (94) | 13/15 (87) | 2.3 (0.35–15.3) | 36/38 (95) | 22/25 (88) | 2.5 (0.38–15.9) | 35/39 (90) | 23/24 (96) | 0.38 (0.04–3.6) |
| Daily diuretic use at discharge, n/N (%)† | 29/48 (60) | 11/15 (73) | 0.56 (0.15–2.0) | 23/38 (61) | 17/25 (68) | 0.72 (0.25–2.1) | 23/39 (59) | 17/24 (71) | 0.59 (0.20–1.8) |
| Daily inhaled medication use at discharge, n/N (%)† | 26/48 (54) | 11/15 (73) | 0.43 (0.12–1.5) | 23/38 (61) | 14/25 (56) | 1.2 (0.43–3.4) | 22/39 (56) | 15/24 (63) | 0.78 (0.27–2.2) |
Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; NICU = neonatal ICU; OR = odds ratio.
n indicates the number of infants with the outcome and N indicates the total number of infants in each group.
*
Comparison of mortality rates using Fisher’s exact test: 10/48 (21%) versus 0/25 (0%); P = 0.013.
†
Calculated for survivors to discharge.