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. 2020 May 6;35(5):1145–1158. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deaa077

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Comparison of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation in cumulus cells between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and control patients. (A) The expression of the unfolded protein response (UPR)-related genes GRP78, XBP1s, CHOP, and ATF4 was analysed by real-time qPCR in PCOS patients and control patients (n = 25 per group). The mRNA expression levels were normalized to those of Gapdh. The data are presented as means ± SEMs. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (B) The protein levels of p-IRE1α, p-EIF2α and GRP78 were assessed by western blot analysis of cumulus cells from randomly selected PCOS patients (n = 5) and control patients (n = 5). (C) The band intensities were determined with ImageJ software and normalized to those of β-actin, except those of p-EIF2α, which were normalized to those of total EIF2α. The data are presented as means ± SEMs. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.