(A) BAFF vaccine treatment reduces the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells while increasing the proportion of B cells in vivo. n = 4. (B) BAFF vaccine treatment supports the central memory phenotype of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in vivo. n = 4. (C) BAFF vaccine treatment increases the proportion of B cells expressing CD40 and the proportion of B cells expressing PD-L1. n = 4. (D–G) BAFF vaccine treatment delays the tumor progression of KPC, B16F10, Panc02, and NT2.5 tumor models. Results are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 10 per arm), 2-tailed unpaired t tests. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.