Figure 1. Insulitis progression is marked by expression of AIF1 in DC and macrophages.

Pancreas from NOD mice at 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 weeks were isolated and stained to evaluate AIF1 expression in CD45⁺ cell subsets. (A) FSC-A vs. FSC-H was used to isolate singlets. The CD45⁺ singlet subsets were then analyzed for coexpression of AIF1 with either CD11b, F4/80, or CD11c. Flow cytometric dot plot data sets are representative of three mice per age group in three independent experiments. (B) AIF1 gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR in NOD pancreatic CD45⁺ cells flow cytometric sorted for either CD11b⁺, F4/80⁺, CD11c⁺, or TCR⁺ (TCR) populations. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three mice per age group in three independent experiments normalized for respective internal loading controls. AIF1, allograft inflammatory factor-1.