Table 2.
Demographic Characteristics by Return or non-Return Migration Category in 1940 and 2000.
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black, lifetime return migrant | White, lifetime return migrant | Black, generational return migrant | White, generational return migrant | Black, Non-return migrant | White, Non-return migrant | |
| mean/sd | mean/sd | mean/sd | mean/sd | mean/sd | mean/sd | |
| Age, 1940 | 11.02 (4.95) | 8.97 (4.88) | 6.70 (4.80) | 7.11 (5.11) | 8.01 (5.10) | 7.99 (5.18) |
| Age, 2000 | 70.83 (4.96) | 68.91 (4.88) | 66.63 (4.80) | 67.06 (5.12) | 71.36 (4.84) | 70.00 (4.82) |
| Male | 0.42 (0.49) | 0.48 (0.50) | 0.48 (0.50) | 0.50 (0.50) | 0.41 (0.49) | 0.47 (0.50) |
| Metro area, 1940 | 0.86 (0.34) | 0.45 (0.50) | 0.88 (0.32) | 0.56 (0.50) | 0.88 (0.33) | 0.47 (0.50) |
| Owned home, 1940 | 0.09 (0.28) | 0.21 (0.41) | 0.17 (0.38) | 0.36 (0.48) | 0.17 (0.38) | 0.38 (0.49) |
| Highest parent grade, 1940 | 7.84 (3.34) | 9.84 (3.14) | 9.04 (3.05) | 10.56 (3.01) | 8.56 (2.96) | 10.02 (2.88) |
| Father’s earnings, 1940 | 651.41 (486.04) | 1128.92 (1089.59) | 834.66 (593.79) | 1280.48 (1130.82) | 780.38 (553.85) | 1049.09 (1015.14) |
| Mother’s earnings, 1940 | 132.08 (264.39) | 47.21 (202.36) | 63.09 (197.01) | 50.70 (274.36) | 56.25 (191.99) | 43.96 (212.12) |
| Parent occupational score, 1940 | 2.86 (0.47) | 3.06 (0.47) | 3.00 (0.33) | 3.20 (0.42) | 2.95 (0.38) | 3.13 (0.44) |
| Married, 2000 | 0.48 (0.50) | 0.69 (0.46) | 0.55 (0.50) | 0.71 (0.45) | 0.41 (0.49) | 0.67 (0.47) |
| Years of Education (2000 | 11.54 (3.71) | 12.55 (2.99) | 13.30 (2.96) | 13.31 (2.69) | 12.05 (2.85) | 12.24 (2.70) |
| Total personal income, 2000 | 24420.89 (47574.26) | 31114.63 (55148.44) | 32658.42 (42544.13) | 35872.12 (63696.61) | 24220.95 (39298.42) | 28121.03 (51670.76) |
| Not MSA, 2000 | 0.24 (0.43) | 0.38 (0.49) | 0.15 (0.35) | 0.28 (0.45) | 0.03 (0.16) | 0.30 (0.46) |
| Migrated in past 5 years, 2000 | 0.22 (0.42) | 0.25 (0.43) | 0.30 (0.46) | 0.30 (0.46) | 0.19 (0.39) | 0.21 (0.41) |
| Observations | 389 | 6620 | 1373 | 17261 | 15450 | 101669 |
Source: 1940 Census data linked to 2000 Census data.
Notes: At least one parent was born in the South for each of the three migrant groups. Non-return migrants include those born in the South who resided outside the South in 1940 and 2000 (southern-born, non-return migrants) and those whose parents were born in the South but who themselves were born in the North and lived in the North in 1940 and 2000 (northern-born, non-return migrants). Lifetime return migrants include those who were born in the South, living outside of the South in 1940, and residing in the South in 2000. Generational return migrants had parents who were born in the South but were themselves born outside the South and living outside of the South in 1940, but residing in the South in 2000.