Fig 3. ChIP-seq findings for Pax6 and Spry4 that lack RARE enhancers or silencers.
These genes are good candidates for being indirect transcriptional targets of RA as their RA-regulated ChIP-seq peaks do not contain RAREs. (A) Pax6 has 2 RA-regulated peaks (red bars) for H3K27ac (decreased) when RA is lost in E8.5 trunk tissue from Aldh1a2-/- (KO) compared with WT; these RA-regulated peaks do not contain RAREs, suggesting that transcription of Pax6 is indirectly activated by RA. (B) Spry4 has an RA-regulated peak for H3K27me3 (decreased) when RA is lost with no associated RARE, suggesting that transcription of Spry4 is indirectly repressed by RA. ChIP-seq, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing; E, embryonic day; H3K27ac, histone H3 K27 acetylation; H3K27me3, histone H3 K27 trimethylation; KO, knockout; RA, retinoic acid; RARE, RA response element; WT, wild-type.