Figure 5. Silencing VMN^CCKBR neurons impairs HGP.

AAV-DIO-TetTox-EGFP (CCKBR^TT) (n = 12) or AAV-GFP (control) (n = 30) was injected bilaterally into the VMN of Cckbr^Cre mice, and the effects on parameters of glucose homeostasis were assessed. (A) Blood glucose values and the calculated AUC for the GTT. (B–F) Animals were subjected to a basal clamp with infusion of 3H-glucose tracer and cold glucose to normalize glucose levels (B). Insulin was measured (C) and HGP (D), glucose turnover rate (GTR) (E), and glucose clearance (F) were calculated. Data are expressed as the percentage of initial blood glucose, because CCKBR^TT mice have lower baseline blood glucose levels than do controls; data expressed as raw blood glucose values are shown in Supplemental Figure 7. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (A, left) or as box-and-whisker plots showing the data spread from minimum to maximum, median, first quartile, and third quartile. *P < 0.05 versus control, by Student’s t test.