Table 2.
Effects of ileal transposition (IT+) and control surgery (IT−) in rats on a high-fat (HF), high-carbohydrate (HC), or a high-protein (HP) diet on body weight and carcass constituents. Main effects of surgery and diet are indicated with p values or with non significance (ns). Lean body mass effects were not assessed with ANOVA, because of lack of normal distribution. IT effects were tested separately in diet groups. Between-diet group could not be assessed (na) for lean body mass
| Diet | HF | HC | HP | Main effect | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgery | IT− | IT+ | IT− | IT+ | IT− | IT+ | Surgery | Diet |
| Delta body weight (surgery-sacrifice) (g) | 71.23 ± 13.55 | 13.43 ± 12.09 | 78.23 ± 8.59 | 29.21 ± 7.00 | 33.92 ± 5.84 | -7.18 ± 9.04 | IT+ < IT− p < 0.0001 | HP < HC, p < 0.01 |
| Body weight at sacrifice (g) | 408.98 ± 18.06 | 354.80 ± 16.02 | 418.10 ± 13.13 | 367.1 ± 11.84 | 374.26 ± 6.82 | 326.45 ± 9.60 | IT + < IT− p < 0.0001 | HP < HC, p < 0.01 |
| Total body fat (g) | 69.25 ± 6.74 | 38.31 ± 5.94 | 58.12 ± 6.62 | 38.15 ± 3.87 | 44.76 ± 3.51 | 29.73 ± 3.14 | IT+ < IT− p < 0.0001 | HP < HF, p < 0.01 |
| Visceral fat (g) (mesenteric + omental) | 10.11 ± 1.18 | 5.48 ± 0.63 | 8.93 ± 0.91 | 6.44 ± 0.56 | 6.99 ± 0.42 | 4.55 ± 0.53 | IT+ < IT− p < 0.0001 | HP < HF, p < 0.05 |
| Abdominal fat (g) (epidydimal, midline, and retroperitoneal) | 23.99 ± 2.19 | 13.40 ± 2.24 | 20.61 ± 2.22 | 13.61 ± 1.47 | 15.50 ± 1.17 | 9.84 ± 1.20 | IT+ < IT− p < 0.0001 | HP < HF, p < 0.05 |
| Total abdominal fat (g) | 34.10 ± 3.30 | 18.88 ± 2.85 | 29.54 ± 3.08 | 20.05 ± 2.00 | 22.49 ± 1.50 | 14.40 ± 1.72 | IT+ < IT− p < 0.0001 | HP < HF/HC, p < 0.05 |
| Subcutaneous fat (g) | 26.51 ± 3.23 | 14.30 ± 2.75 | 20.29 ± 3.57 | 12.36 ± 1.64 | 15.01 ± 2.33 | 11.54 ± 1.60 | IT+ < IT− p < 0.0001 | HP < HF, p < 0.05 |
| Inguinal fat (g) | 8.64 ± 0.87 | 5.13 ± 0.69 | 8.30 ± 0.77 | 5.74 ± 0.61 | 7.26 ± 0.33 | 3.79 ± 0.35 | IT+ < IT− p < 0.0001 | ns |
| Lean body mass (g) | 296.66 ± 10.63 | 292.10 ± 9.49 | 321.78 ± 13.16 | 302.34 ± 7.26 | 299.34 ± 4.39 | 278.28 ± 6.35 | IT+ < IT− p < 0.05 only in HP gr. | na |
| Stomach | 1.19 ± 0.05 | 1.24 ± 0.05 | 1.22 ± 0.04 | 1.21 ± 0.04 | 1.20 ± 0.02 | 1.22 ± 0.03 | ns | ns |
| Upper duodenum segment (g) | 0.42 ± 0.03 | 0.60 ± 0.05 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.53 ± 0.04 | 0.39 ± 0.02 | 0.67 ± 0.06 | IT+ > IT− p < 0.0001 | HP > HC, p < 0.05 |
| Lower duodenum segment (g) | 0.22 ± 0.02 | 0.24 ± 0.03 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.24 ± 0.04 | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 0.26 ± 0.05 | IT+ > IT− p < 0.01 | ns |
| Total duodenum (g) | 0.64 ± 0.05 | 0.83 ± 0.07 | 0.46 ± 0.04 | 0.78 ± 0.04 | 0.58 ± 0.03 | 0.94 ± 0.08 | IT+ > IT− p < 0.0001 | ns |
| Transposed segment (g) | 0.57 ± 0.12 | 2.10 ± 0.29 | 0.77 ± 0.26 | 1.80 ± 0.18 | 0.50 ± 0.06 | 1.60 ± 0.10 | IT + > IT− p < 0.0001 | ns |
| Jejunoileum (g) | 2.37 ± 0.18 | 3.75 ± 0.31 | 2.32 ± 0.24 | 3.34 ± 0.19 | 2.08 ± 0.10 | 3.66 ± 0.17 | IT+ > IT− p < 0.0001 | ns |
| Distal ileum segment (g) | 0.36 ± 0.05 | 0.64 ± 0.06 | 0.42 ± 0.03 | 0.53 ± 0.05 | 0.40 ± 0.03 | 0.63 ± 0.04 | IT+ > IT− p < 0.0001 | ns |
| Total small intestine (g) | 3.95 ± 0.41 | 7.32 ± 0.73 | 3.97 ± 0.58 | 6.75 ± 0.41 | 3.55 ± 0.23 | 6.82 ± 0.01 | IT+ > IT−r p < 0.0001 | ns |
| Cecum and colon with content (g) | 3.95 ± 0.13 | 6.02 ± 0.50 | 5.23 ± 0.52 | 6.08 ± 0.34 | 4.70 ± 0.22 | 6.14 ± 0.41 | IT+ > IT− p < 0.01 | ns |
| Pancreas (g) | 1.24 ± 0.03 | 1.42 ± 0.09 | 1.24 ± 0.07 | 1.47 ± 0.04 | 1.36 ± 0.03 | 1.48 ± 0.07 | IT+ > IT− p < 0.0001 | ns |
| Kidneys (g) | 2.61 ± 0.13 | 2.42 ± 0.10 | 2.62 ± 0.11 | 2.51 ± 0.09 | 2.80 ± 0.09 | 2.48 ± 0.07 | IT+ < IT−p < 0.01 | ns |
| Liver (g) | 12.61 ± 0.69 | 13.22 ± 0.68 | 14.37 ± 0.64 | 14.52 ± 0.67 | 13.41 ± 0.61 | 12.39 ± 0.64 | ns | ns |