Table 1.

Essential biomarkers in NSCLC patients

Gene/protein	Predictive alteration	Methodology (in tissue)
EGFR	Mutation	PCR: sanger, real-time PCR and NGS
ALK	Rearrangement	IHC, FISH and NGS
ROS1	Rearrangement	IHC (screening), FISH and NGS
BRAF V600	Mutation	PCR: sanger, real-time PCR and NGS
PD-L1	Overexpression	IHC

EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor, FISH fluorescence in situ hybridisation, H&E haematoxylin/eosin, IHC immunohistochemistry, NGS next-generation sequencing, NSCLC non-small-cell lung cancer, PCR polymerase chain reaction, PD-L1 programmed death ligand-1