Table I.
Sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and their risk perceptions related to COVID-19 (N = 3403)
| Characteristics |
N (%) |
Perception area |
N (%) |
P |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Questions |
GPop |
HCP |
||||
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 2672 (78.5) | |||||
| Male | 731 (21.5) | 1. What is the probability of you being infected with this virus? | High | 686 (24.0) | 299 (54.9) | <0.001 |
| Moderate | 1611 (56.4) | 212 (38.9) | ||||
| Age Group (years old) | Low | 545 (19.1) | 31 (5.7) | |||
| 18–24 | 129 (3.8) | None | 16 (0.6) | 3 (0.6) | ||
| 25–34 | 698 (20.5) | |||||
| 35–44 | 1194 (35.1) | |||||
| 45–54 | 854 (25.1) | 2. What is the probability of your family/friends being infected with this virus? | High | 721 (25.2) | 162 (29.7) | <0.01 |
| 55–64 | 388 (11.4) | Moderate | 1703 (59.6) | 319 (58.5) | ||
| ≥65 | 140 (4.1) | Low | 415 (14.5) | 63 (11.6) | ||
| None | 19 (0.7) | 1 (0.2) | ||||
| Education | ||||||
| No formal education | 2 (<0.1) | |||||
| Basic (1st to 9th grade) | 162 (4.8) | 3. How effective do you think “prophylactic isolation” (quarantine) is in controlling this virus? | Very | 2063 (72.2) | 403 (73.9) | 0.257 |
| High School (10th to 12th grade) | 738 (21.7) | Moderately | 767 (26.8) | 139 (25.5) | ||
| Bachelor | 1612 (47.4) | Poorly | 21 (0.7) | 3 (0.6) | ||
| Master | 708 (20.8) | Not effective | 7 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| PhD | 181 (5.3) | |||||
| Professional Group | 4. How prepared are Health Services to deal with this virus? | Very | 73 (2.6) | 9 (1.7) | <0.001 | |
| Intellectual and scientific activities | 1126 (33.1) | Moderately | 1102 (38.6) | 130 (23.9) | ||
| Intermediate level technicians | 926 (27.2) | Poorly | 1433 (50.1) | 346 (63.5) | ||
| Administrative staff | 373 (11.0) | Not prepared | 250 (8.7) | 60 (11.0) | ||
| Unemployed | 282 (8.3) | |||||
| Sales and protection workers | 203 (6.0) | |||||
| Not qualified workers | 160 (4.7) | 5. What is the level of communication adequacy of the Health Authorities with the population? | High | 635 (22.2) | 71 (13.0) | <0.001 |
| Qualified industry workers | 142 (4.2) | Moderate | 1653 (57.8) | 327 (60.0) | ||
| Legislative and executive organisms | 123 (3.6) | Low | 507 (17.7) | 125 (22.9) | ||
| Armed forces | 30 (0.9) | None | 63 (2.2) | 22 (4.0) | ||
| Machinery and assembly operators | 19 (0.6) | |||||
| Farmers, fishing and forest | 19 (0.6) | |||||
| 6. When will it be possible to control this pandemic at European level? (in months) | <1 | 59 (2.1) | 1 (0.2) | 0.01 | ||
| HCP’s | 545 (16.0) | 1–3 | 743 (26.0) | 103 (18.9) | ||
| Doctors | 183 (33.6)∗ | 3–6 | 1336 (46.7) | 288 (52.8) | ||
| Nurses | 161 (29.5)∗ | 6–12 | 566 (19.8) | 134 (24.6) | ||
| Therapeutic Technicians | 95 (17.4)∗ | >12 | 154 (5.4) | 19 (3.5) | ||
| Pharmacists | 87 (16.0)∗ | |||||
| Others | 19 (3.5)∗ | |||||
GPop, general population; HCPs, healthcare professionals.
∗
Percentage based on the total number of HCPs.