Table 2.
Demographics, AIDS clinical characteristics and treatment in the groups with HIV central nervous system escape, discordance, and aviremic in CSF and plasma
| A-Escape n=7 [1] | B-Discordance n= 5 [2, 3] | C-CSF/Pl Aviremic n=31 | D-HIV RNA Pl > CSF, n=23 | AxC p | BxC p | AxB p | CxD p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Age, years | 39(36; 49) | 39(27; 51) | 42(35; 49.5) | 46(37; 48) | 0.598 | 0.552 | 1.0 | 0.807 |
| Education, years | 6 (4.5; 14.5) | 7(4; 13) | 8 (5.5; 11.5) | 6(5; 11) | 0.429 | 0.631 | 0.876 | 0.412 |
| Sex - male, n (%) | 2 (28.6%) | 3 (60.0%) | 18 (58.1%) | 9 (39.1%) | 0.222 | 1.0 | 0.558 | 0.271 |
| Disease and Treatment | ||||||||
| Duration of infection (mths) | 66.77(19.50; 145.4) | 5.57(3.17; 127.6) | 91 (43.28; 136) | 94(47.38; 143.2) | 0.429 | 0.032 | 0.268 | 1.0 |
| GDS | 1.353 (0.543; 2.710) | 1.11(0.32; 3.47) | 0.5(0.23; 1.0) | 0.65(0.28; 1.10) | 0.076 | 0.109 | 0.931 | 0.726 |
| GDS≥0.5, n (%) | 5/6 (83.3%) | 4/5 (80.0%) | 16/29 (55.2%) | 11/18 (61.1%) | 0.366 | 0.379 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| B/C, n | 5/1 | 2/3 | 15/8 | 6/13 | 0.633 | 0.353 | 0.242 | 0.062 |
| Current CD4 cells/mm3 | 457(265; 747) | 239(98; 692) | 372(215; 626) | 347(159; 443) | 0.925 | 0.522 | 0.639 | 0.349 |
| Nadir CD4 cells/mm3 | 51(6; 293) | 6(1; 692) | 54(16.5; 193) | 266(85; 368) | 0.749 | 0.082 | 0.530 | 0.001 |
| CART, n(%) | 7(100.0%) | 4(80.0%) | 31(100.0%) | 14 (61.9%) | - | - | - | - |
| CPE | 8(6.5; 10) | 9 (6; 10) | 8(6; 9) | 6(5; 9) | 0.674 | 0.224 | 0.527 | 0.907 |
| Adherence, n(%) | 7 (100.0%) | 4/4(100.0%) | 26/28(92.9%) | 14/14(100.0) | - | - | - | - |
| Time current regimen (mths) | 1.87(0.26; 64 ) [3] | 32(0; 64) | 24.64(9.92; 44.53) | 24.87(4.89; 47.21) | 0.265 | 0.817 | 0.800 | 0.736 |
| Pl HIV RNA ( Log10) | 1.7 | 1.7(1.7; 3.76) | 1.7 | 3.77(2.81; 4.68) | 1.0 | 0.149 | 0.268 | <0.0001 |
| plasma HIV RNA < 50 copies/mL | 7 (100.0%) | 3 (60.0%) | 31 (100.0%) | 0 (0%) | - | - | - | - |
| CSF | ||||||||
| HIV RNA (Log10) | 2.05(1.85; 3.11) | 3.112(2.85; 5.13) | 1.7 | 2.69(1.94; 3.14) | <0.0001 | 0.0004 | 0.030 | <0.0001 |
| HIV RNA <50 copies/mL, n(%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 31(100%) | 4 (17.39%) | - | - | - | - |
| WBC cells/mm3 | 2.5 (1.1; 38.5) | 37 (20; 382) | 0.90 (0.30; 2.95) | 3.10(0.95; 10.35) | 0.113 | 0.001 | 0.106 | 0.010 |
| Glucose mg/dL | 54 (49; 59) | 44 (38; 61) | 60(55.5; 65.5) | 56(52; 59) | 0.010 | 0.007 | 0.268 | 0.011 |
| Total protein mg/dL | 42 (36; 123) | 91 (42; 339) | 40(30.5; 46.5) | 36(30.5; 45) | 0.397 | 0.003 | 0.073 | 0.529 |
| Total protein >45 mg/dL, n(%) | 2 (28.6%) | 4 (80.0%) | 10 (32.3%) | 4 (17.4%) | 1.0 | 0.064 | 0.242 | 0.347 |
| Albumin mg/L | 248 (211; 611) | 501 (311; 1770) | 236 (155; 292) | 195(144; 266.5) | 0.328 | 0.003 | 0.048 | 0.340 |
| Q. Albumin | 0.0082 (0.0067; 0.0224) | 0.0164 (0.0096; 0.0917) | 0.0062 (0.0045; 0.0101) | 0.0060 ( 0.0047; 0.0090) | 0.153 | 0.003 | 0.048 | 0.861 |
| Lactic acid mmol/L | 1.7 (1.55; 2.34) | 1.9 (1.7; 2.8) | 1.6(1.45; 1.85) | 1.7 (1.6; 1.8) | 0.412 | 0.027 | 0.268 | 0.489 |
| RBC cells/mm3 | 2 (0.15; 19) | 30 (2; 92) | 0.6 (0; 24) | 0.3 (0.0; 8.0) | 1.0 | 0.030 | 0.048 | 0.257 |
Data are median (IQR), number of cases (%)
[1]
CSF escape is defined as any VL in the CSF above the limit of detection of the assay used (usually 50 copies/mL) when the VL in the plasma is undetectable by the same assay. All cases were on CART.
[2]
CSF discordance is defined as CSF viral load (VL) greater than 1log10 of the plasma VL (independent of the number).
[3]
Data are median (min, max).
CART, combination antiretroviral therapy; Pl, Plasma
CSF, cerebrospinal fluid.
CNS Penetration-Effectiveness (CPE) rank (Letendre et al. 2010)