Table 7.
Psychosocial assessments of participants according to their incident pain status.
| Characteristic | Incident paina | All patients | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Absent n = 190 (%) | Present n = 181 (%) | Total n = 371 (%) | ||
| History of chronic depression | 14 (7.4) | 8 (4.4) | 22 (5.9) | 0.229 |
| History of drug or alcohol abuse | 34 (17.9) | 52 (28.7) | 86 (23.2) | 0.013 |
| Positive single question screening | ||||
| Are you depressed? | 136 (71.6) | 131 (72.4) | 267 (72.0) | 0.864 |
| Are you anxious? | 132 (69.5) | 121 (66.9) | 253 (68.2) | 0.588 |
| Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) | ||||
| HADS-Anxiety score > 7 | 136 (71.6) | 126 (69.6) | 262 (70.6) | 0.678 |
| HADS-Depression score > 7 | 143 (75.3) | 137 (75.7) | 280 (75.5) | 0.924 |
| Emotional thermometer (ET) | ||||
| ET-Distress > 3 | 100 (52.6) | 108 (59.7) | 208 (56.1) | 0.172 |
| ET-anger > 3 | 113 (59.5) | 103 (56.9) | 216 (58.2) | 0.616 |
| ET-help desired > 3 | 101 (53.2) | 108 (59.7) | 209 (56.3) | 0.206 |
aStudy-defined, based on history and on BPI scores.