Table 5.
Validation studies psychometrics. The sign “+” (plus) means the scale meets the requirements; “−” (minus) means it does not; “?” (interrogation mark) means it meets criteria only partially or that methodology is not clear; and “0” (zero) means no information were found.
| Scale name | Content validity | Internal consistency | Construct validity | Test-retest reliability | Interpretability | Floor/ceiling |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appraisal of Diabetes Scale (ADS) [43] | ? | + | + | ? | 0 | 0 |
| Asian Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (Asian DQOL) English version [26] | + | + | + | ? | 0 | 0 |
| Audit of diabetes-dependent quality of life (ADDQOL-19) [27] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes Care Profile (DCP) [44] | ? | − | + | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes diet-related quality of life revised (DDRQOL-R) [28] | + | + | + | − | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes diet-related quality of life revised—short form (DDRQOL-R-9) [28] | + | + | + | − | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) [45] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes health profile (DHP-1) [46] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | + |
| Diabetes health profile-18 (DHP-18) [47] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | + |
| Diabetes Impact Measurement Scale (DIMS) [48] | — | — | + | ? | 0 | 0 |
| DAWN2 Impact of Diabetes Profile (DIDP) [29] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | + |
| Diabetes Medication System Rating Questionnaire (DMRSQ) [49] | + | + | + | + | 0 | − |
| Diabetes Obstacles Questionnaire (DOQ-30) [30] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes quality of life (DQOL) [31] | + | ? | + | ? | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes quality of life (DQOL) [32] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes quality of life brief clinical inventory (DQOL-Brief) [33] | + | ? | ? | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes Quality of Life Clinical Trials Questionnaire, Revised (DQLCTQ-R) [34] | + | — | + | — | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetes-specific quality of life questionnaire module (DMQOL) [35] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | + |
| Diabetes therapy-related quality of life (DTR-QOL) [36] | ? | + | + | + | 0 | + |
| Diabetes-39 (D-39) [37] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire (MDQ) [38] | + | + | ? | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Perceptions about medications for diabetes (PAM-D) [50] | + | + | + | + | 0 | − |
| Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID) [51] | + | ? | + | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Questionnaire on stress in patients with diabetes-revised (QSD-R) [52] | + | + | + | ? | 0 | 0 |
| The 28-item well-being questionnaire (W-BQ28) [39] | ? | + | + | 0 | + | − |
| The Japanese insulin-dependent diabetic patient quality of life scale (JAPID-QOL) [40] | + | ? | + | 0 | 0 | + |
| The patient-reported outcomes instrument for Thai patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (PRO-DM-Thai) [41] | + | + | + | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| The ViDa questionnaire for Type 1 diabetes (ViDa1) [42] | + | + | + | ? | 0 | 0 |
| Treatment-Related Impact Measure Diabetes (TRIM-D) [53] | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| Treatment-Related Impact Measure—Nonsevere Hypoglycemic Events (TRIM-HYPO) [54] | + | + | + | + | 0 | + |