Table 3.
Analysis of risk factors for mortality.
| Hazards ratio (95% CI) | p value | |
|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | ||
| Sex (female) | 0.7 (0.4–1.1) | 0.084 |
| Age(≥70years) | 5.3 (3.1–9.0) | <0.001 |
| Presence of any comorbidity | 3.1 (1.6–5.8) | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 2.3 (1.5–3.6) | <0.001 |
| CVS | 1.8 (1.1–2.9) | 0.016 |
| Diabetes | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 0.877 |
| COPD | 3.1 (1.8–5.4) | <0.001 |
| Cancer | 1.2 (0.5–3.4) | 0.682 |
| Chronic renal failure | 4.2 (1.7–10.5) | 0.002 |
| Dyspnea | 2.0 (1.3–3.2) | 0.002 |
| White blood cell count (>9.5 × 109/L) | 7.0 (4.2–11.6) | <0.001 |
| Neutrophil count (>6.3 × 109/L) | 2.9 (1.8–4.7) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count (<1.1 × 109/L) | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 0.894 |
| PH (<7.35) | 2.1(1.3–3.5) | 0.003 |
| pO2 (<80 mmHg) | 3.1 (1.3–7.8) | 0.015 |
| pCO2 (>45 mmHg) | 1.7 (1.1–2.9) | 0.028 |
| O2Sat (<95%) | 5.1 (2.9–9.1) | <0.001 |
| Procalcitonin (<0.1 ng/mL) | 28.9 (7.1–118.5) | <0.001 |
| D-Dimer (>0.55 mg/L) | 36.6 (5.1–264.2) | <0.001 |
| Ultra-TnI (>0.04 ng/mL) | 2.8(1.4–5.5) | 0.004 |
| CKMB (>5 ng/mL) | 5.3 (2.9–9.7) | <0.001 |
| Albumin (<40 g/L) | 4.2 (1.0–17.3) | 0.044 |
| Multivariable analysis | ||
| Age(≥70years) | 1.1 (1.070–1.123) | <0.001 |
| Dyspnea | 2.2 (1.414–3.517) | <0.001 |
| Neutrophil count (>6.3 × 109/L) | 4.4 (1.310–15.061) | 0.017 |
| Ultra-TnI (>0.04 ng/mL) | 3.9 (1.471–10.433) | 0.006 |
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVS, Cardiovascular disease: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; CKMB, creatine kinase-MB; ultra-TnI, Ultrasensitive cardiac troponin I; PH, Pondus Hydrogenii; pCO2, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; pO2, partial pressure of oxygen; O2Sat, oxygen saturation.