Table 2.
Leukocyte populations and characterization of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells at the first week of illness according to the severity.
| Severe cases (n = 3) | Mild cases (n = 8) | Healthy controls (n = 5) |
P |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Severe vs. mild | Severe vs. controls | Mild vs. controls | ||||
| White blood cells (/μL) | 5710.0 (± 1635.8) | 4541.3 (± 568.5) | 6422.5 (± 1260.0) | 0.540 | 0.724 | 0.174 |
| Neutrophil (/μL) | 4134.7 (± 1453.8) | 2803.9 (± 543.5) | 3581.0 (± 996.4) | 0.307 | 1.000 | 0.396 |
| Monocyte (/μL) | 429.3 (± 127.0) | 414.6 (± 51.5) | 486.5 (± 103.1) | 1.000 | 0.724 | 0.497 |
| Lymphocyte (/μL) | 1131.7 (± 112.6) | 1256.3 (± 130.4) | 2214.5 (± 380.6) | 0.683 | 0.034 | 0.011 |
| CD4+ T cells (/μL) | 306.2 (± 79.0) | 435.5 (± 57.5) | 768.3 (± 236.1) | 0.307 | 0.077 | 0.062 |
| Ki-67+ CD4+ (%) | 4.1 (± 1.3) | 4.0 (± 1.2) | 0.8 (± 0.2) | 0.683 | 0.025 | 0.008 |
| HLA-DR+CD4+ (%) | 2.2 (± 1.1) | 2.9 (± 0.9) | 0.6 (± 0.3) | 0.683 | 0.101 | 0.013 |
| PD-1+CD4+ (%) | 1.4 (± 0.4) | 0.8 (± 0.3) | 0.2 (± 0.1) | 0.153 | 0.025 | 0.057 |
| CD38+CD4+ (%) | 1.0 (± 1.0) | 0.3 (± 0.2) | 0.1 (± 0.0) | 0.540 | 0.881 | 0.079 |
| FoxP3+CD4+ (%) | 7.1 (± 1.2) | 6.6 (± 0.5) | 7.9 (± 0.8) | 0.838 | 0.655 | 0.242 |
| Perforin+CD4+ (%) | 7.0 (± 1.2) | 6.9 (± 3.1) | 6.1 (± 2.0) | 0.221 | 0.655 | 0.770 |
| Granzyme B+CD4+ (%) | 7.8 (± 1.8) | 11.6 (± 3.6) | 10.0 (± 1.8) | 0.683 | 0.297 | 0.464 |
| IFN-γ+CD4+ (%) | 4.7 (± 1.3) | 5.8 (± 1.2) | 8.8 (± 1.9) | 0.838 | 0.157 | 0.126 |
| IL-2+CD4+ (%) | 23.2 (± 10.5) | 20.2 (± 4.9) | 14.0 (± 3.4) | 0.683 | 0.456 | 0.558 |
| IL-4+CD4+ (%) | 3.4 (± 1.0) | 3.2 (± 0.6) | 2.1 (± 0.6) | 0.838 | 0.297 | 0.242 |
| IL-17+CD4+ (%) | 0.5 (± 0.2) | 0.4 (± 0.1) | 0.2 (± 0.1) | 0.838 | 0.297 | 0.188 |
| CD8+ T cells (/μL) | 143.2 (± 13.1) | 296.1 (± 60.9) | 660.5 (± 132.4) | 0.102 | 0.034 | 0.042 |
| Ki-67+CD8+ (%) | 6.4 (± 1.8) | 8.7 (± 3.6) | 0.8 (± 0.1) | 0.683 | 0.025 | 0.003 |
| HLA-DR+CD8+ (%) | 2.2 (± 1.1) | 6.0 (± 2.4) | 0.2 (± 0.1) | 0.540 | 0.025 | 0.013 |
| PD-1+CD8+ (%) | 1.0 (± 0.2) | 1.1 (± 0.4) | 0.2 (± 0.1) | 0.414 | 0.025 | 0.013 |
| CD38+CD8+ (%) | 5.9 (± 5.2) | 1.6 (± 0.4) | 0.4 (± 0.2) | 0.838 | 0.297 | 0.057 |
| Perforin+CD8+ (%) | 54.2 (± 7.1) | 40.0 (± 5.7) | 39.9 (± 7.7) | 0.102 | 0.180 | 0.884 |
| Granzyme B+CD8+ (%) | 65.2 (± 2.9) | 53.3 (± 7.0) | 46.2 (± 7.2) | 0.540 | 0.053 | 0.558 |
| IFN-γ+CD8+ (%) | 12.7 (± 7.8) | 13.2 (± 2.8) | 17.5 (± 1.5) | 0.540 | 0.480 | 0.174 |
| IL-2+CD8+ (%) | 11.0 (± 8.4) | 7.6 (± 2.4) | 5.5 (± 1.5) | 1.000 | 0.881 | 0.884 |
| IL-4+CD8+ (%) | 8.0 (± 6.5) | 4.4 (± 0.9) | 1.9 (± 0.8) | 0.838 | 0.297 | 0.079 |
| IL-17+CD8+ (%) | 0.2 (± 0.1) | 0.2 (± 0.1) | 0.1 (± 0.0) | 0.540 | 0.297 | 0.019 |
| Effector memory CD8+ (%) | 77.1 (± 4.1) | 75.5 (± 6.2) | 69.9 (± 6.8) | 0.838 | 0.456 | 0.420 |
| IL-7Rαhigh (%) | 20.6 (± 4.4) | 30.9 (± 3.9) | 32.1 (± 7.0) | 0.152 | 0.297 | 0.660 |
| IL-7Rαlow (%) | 79.0 (± 4.4) | 68.7 (± 3.9) | 65.6 (± 6.6) | 0.153 | 0.101 | 0.661 |
All data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean.